Notice of Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Finance on Printing and Distributing Guiding Opinions of Guangzhou Municipal Government Procurement Documents Sui Cai Gui Zi [2019] No.2 Notice of Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Finance on Printing and Distributing Guiding Opinions of Guangzhou Municipal Government Procurement Documents: All municipal units, district finance bureaus, Guangzhou Public Resource Trading Center and various government procurement agencies: In order to further standardize the preparation of government procurement documents, improve the efficiency in the use of financial funds, safeguard the national and social public interests and protect the legitimate rights and interests of government procurement parties, combined with the actual situation of our city, our bureau has formulated the Guangzhou Municipal Government. It is issued to you, please follow it. If you encounter any problems in the implementation, please feedback to our bureau (Government Procurement Supervision Office) in time. Guangzhou Municipal Finance Bureau March 14, 2019 Guangzhou Municipal Government Procurement Document Compilation Guidance In order to further standardize the preparation of government procurement documents, improve the efficiency of the use of financial funds, safeguard the public interests of the state and society, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of government procurement parties, According to the laws and regulations such as People’s Republic of China (PRC) Government Procurement Law, Regulations for the Implementation of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Government Procurement Law, Measures for the Administration of Tendering and Bidding of Government Procurement Goods and Services, Measures for the Administration of Non-tendering Methods of Government Procurement, Measures for the Administration of Government Procurement Information Announcement and Measures for the Query and Complaint of Government Procurement, this guidance is formulated in combination with the actual situation of our city: 1. General requirements for compiling procurement documents (1) Procurement documents are in accordance with the approved annual government procurement budget items.The content should be legal, standardized and complete, and the expression should be clear, accurate and unambiguous. The purchaser shall not raise the standard for luxury procurement without authorization. (two) the procurement documents should accurately define the attributes and categories of procurement items, and the selection of evaluation experts should match the procurement items. (three) the procurement documents must be clear and detailed about the procurement requirements, the contents and requirements of the quotation, the bid evaluation and transaction standards, and the acceptance criteria. (four) the government to provide public services to the public procurement projects, should solicit the opinions of the public on the procurement needs, if necessary, should solicit the opinions of relevant suppliers and experts on the procurement needs. For procurement projects with a procurement budget of more than 10 million yuan and complicated technology, the purchaser shall organize experts or entrust professional institutions to demonstrate the procurement requirements. The experts are professionals from non-systems and units, and the publicity time shall not be less than 3 days. (5) The procurement documents shall list the procurement budget amount (maximum price), but no minimum price shall be set. (6) Where a bidder is required to submit a bid bond for a procurement project, the bid bond shall not exceed 2% of the budgeted amount of the procurement project; Where there is a performance bond, the amount shall not exceed 10% of the total contract price; If there is a quality deposit, the amount shall not exceed 5% of the total contract price, and the period shall not exceed the quality guarantee period. If the performance bond has been set for the procurement project, the quality bond shall not be set at the same time. (seven) the reorganization of procurement projects, in principle, shall not improve the qualifications or other evaluation criteria.Second, scientifically and reasonably determine the procurement demand (1) The procurement demand shall meet the technical, service and safety requirements stipulated by laws and regulations and government procurement policies. The purchaser shall conduct market research on the market technology or service level, supply and price of the subject matter of procurement, scientifically and reasonably determine the procurement demand according to the investigation and asset allocation standards, and calculate the price. Procurement requirements should be complete and clear. Its contents include: the functions or objectives to be achieved by the procurement target, and the requirements to be met in order to implement the government procurement policy; Relevant national standards, industry standards, local standards or other standards and specifications to be implemented; Quality, safety, technical specifications and physical characteristics to be met; The number of procurement targets, the time and place of delivery or implementation of procurement projects; Acceptance criteria of the subject matter, other technologies and services, etc.; And the service standards, deadlines, efficiency and other requirements to be met. (2) The procurement demand shall not be expressed in ambiguous language such as "well-known", "first-line", "same grade", "domestic brand" and "international brand". (3) For procurement projects using the comprehensive scoring method, the technical and service requirements in the procurement documents shall not be directed at specific suppliers or specific products, and at least three suppliers shall pass the qualification examination or compliance examination.If different bidders offering the same brand products participate in the bidding under the same contract, it shall be counted as a bidding supplier. (four) the site survey shall not be regarded as a substantive requirement in the procurement requirements. (5) The purchaser shall not require to change the evaluation results by testing the samples or inspecting the suppliers after the evaluation, nor shall he put forward any unreasonable requirements such as passing the trial as a condition for signing the contract. Iii. Main contents of procurement documents (1) Unless otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations, procurement documents shall generally include five parts: "Instructions for preparing and submitting procurement response documents, project technical specifications and service requirements, evaluation methods and standards, general and special terms of procurement contracts, and relevant formats to be submitted". 1. The specific qualification conditions of suppliers, the main configuration of the project or the technical requirements shall be put forward by the purchaser, and the procurement agency may be entrusted to propose amendments to the legality and rationality of the procurement documents, or experts may be entrusted to demonstrate or publicly consult the opinions of suppliers. If it is illegal or tendentious, the purchaser shall correct it. 2. The conditions set in the procurement documents should be related to the technical management characteristics and actual needs of the project itself, and the after-sales service should be related to the procurement project and should not exceed the service scope of the procurement project.3. The scale conditions such as the registered capital, total assets, operating income, employees, profits and tax payment of the supplier, as well as specific matters related to the supplier’s equity structure, operating years, financial indicators, business scope of the business license, and contract performance with a specific amount shall not be regarded as qualification conditions or substantive requirements. 4. Relevant qualification licenses, certification certificates or awards that restrict the scale of enterprises in the application conditions shall not be regarded as qualification conditions or substantive requirements, except as otherwise provided by laws, regulations and rules. 5. Barriers to market access shall not be set or disguised by requiring suppliers to set up branches or other conditions that limit the ownership, organization and location of suppliers, except as otherwise provided by laws, regulations and rules. 6. Bidders shall not be treated differently or discriminately by taking the authorization, commitment, certificate and endorsement of manufacturers other than imported goods as qualification requirements. 7. The compulsory qualifications, qualifications and certification scope of non-state related functional institutions shall not be used as qualification conditions. The license, identification, qualification, qualification, certification, catalogue, etc. that has been explicitly cancelled in the State Council or is not compulsory by the state administrative organs shall not be regarded as qualification conditions or substantive requirements. 8. The procurement documents shall require the purchaser or procurement agency to inquire about the supplier’s credit records. According to the website "Credit China" at the time of review (www.creditchina.gov.cn), China government procurement network (www.ccgp.gov.cn) inquired about the subject’s credit record information, and refused to participate in government procurement activities according to law for subjects who were included in serious dishonesty in areas such as untrustworthy executors, taxation, government procurement, environmental protection and intellectual property rights. If the query results do not show that there is a record of dishonesty, it is deemed that no bad credit record was found during the review. (3) The clauses requiring the supplier to make substantive response in the compliance review shall be clearly indicated with eye-catching signs such as "★" before the clauses; Anything that is not marked is regarded as an immaterial response clause. Those marked with "★" must fully meet the indicators, and should be listed in the List of Substantive Responses in a centralized and unified way. Suppliers should respond one by one, and the judges should check and confirm them one by one. Non-substantive technical requirements and commercial terms may stipulate the maximum range and maximum number of allowable negative deviations, as well as the methods and scoring standards for adjusting these deviations. (IV) Evaluation factors and standards 1. The setting of evaluation factors should be related to the quality of goods and services provided by bidders, which can include bid quotation, technical or service level, performance ability, after-sales service, etc. The qualifications of suppliers shall not be listed as a scoring factor. The evaluation factors shall be specified in the tender documents, and the requirements for suppliers’ performance and related staffing shall be adapted to the procurement requirements. Taking performance or related staffing requirements as a scoring factor,A list of similar projects completed in recent years should be compiled, and the number of years and amount should be clearly refined; Prepare a list of management and technical personnel, and the specific personnel should be quantified and detailed. 2. The evaluation factors should be detailed and quantified. Generally speaking, it is not appropriate to use expressions such as "excellent", "good", "medium" and "general" which have no clear judgment criteria and are easy to cause ambiguity, and correspond to the corresponding business, technical (service) conditions and procurement requirements. Where there are intervals for business, technical (service) conditions and procurement demand indicators, the evaluation factors shall be quantified to the corresponding intervals, and different scores corresponding to each interval shall be set. 3. Technical indicators should be common and universal, and can be set according to national mandatory standards, and no specific patent, trademark, name, design, product or manufacturer can be specified or disguised. 4. Do not discriminate or discriminate against potential suppliers with unreasonable special authorization terms. If it is really necessary to set up special authorization such as manufacturers or distributors, the reasons shall be explained in detail in the procurement documents, and the score setting shall not exceed 5% of the total comprehensive score, and shall not be set as a qualification condition. 5. The performance and awards of a specific administrative region or a specific industry shall not be used as bonus points, and the scale conditions such as the registered capital, total assets, business scope, operating income, employees, profits and tax payment of bidders shall not be used as evaluation factors, unless otherwise stipulated by laws and regulations.6. In principle, the price score should be set for projects that adopt the comprehensive scoring method. The price of the project that implements the national unified pricing standard and adopts fixed price procurement is not listed as the evaluation factor. If the price cannot be determined in similar projects such as agreement supply, the price score may not be set. If the comprehensive evaluation method is adopted, the price score shall be calculated by the low price priority method, and the highest and lowest quotations shall not be removed in the bid evaluation process. The proportion of the price score of goods items to the total score shall not be less than 30%; The price score of service items shall not be less than 10% of the total score. If the government information system purchases goods, the price score shall account for 30% of the total score; For purchasing services, the price score shall account for 10% of the total score. 7. For the project with comprehensive scoring method, the commercial score shall not be higher than the technical score, the project experience score shall not exceed 25% of the total commercial score, and the score of on-site demonstration (including providing samples) shall not exceed 15% of the total score, and the qualifications unrelated to the project shall not be used as scoring factors. The factors of business evaluation generally include the personnel qualification, operation status, credit standing, performance and performance ability of the supplier. Technical review factors generally include the response to the tender documents, project implementation capacity, quality control, safeguard measures, project implementation plan or delivery effectiveness, scientificity and rigor. 8. For non-single product procurement projects, the purchaser shall reasonably determine the core products according to the technical composition of the procurement project, product price proportion and other factors.And specify it in the tender documents. The number of core products shall not exceed 3 in principle. (5) Generally, purchasers and procurement agencies shall not require suppliers to provide samples. If the purchaser really needs the supplier to provide samples, it shall clearly stipulate the standards and requirements for sample making, whether it is necessary to submit relevant test reports with the samples, the evaluation methods and evaluation standards of the samples in the tender documents. If it is necessary to submit the test report with the sample, it shall also specify the requirements and test contents of the testing organization. The tender documents shall state that the samples provided by the winning bidder will be kept and sealed in accordance with the regulations, and will be used as a reference for performance acceptance. (six) the purchaser or procurement agency shall, according to the implementation requirements of the procurement project, specify in the procurement documents whether to accept the consortium bid. If it is not specified, the consortium bid shall not be rejected. If a consortium bids, it must provide a consortium agreement signed by all parties. A consortium composed of units of the same major shall determine the qualification level according to the units with the same lower qualification level. Suppliers who have participated in the consortium may no longer be the bidders of the same procurement project alone, nor may they form another consortium with others to participate in the bidding of the same procurement project. (seven) after the start of the evaluation activities, all the contents stipulated in the procurement documents shall not be modified, adjusted and supplemented without authorization, especially the evaluation methods, evaluation procedures, bid-winning criteria and substantive terms. Competitive negotiation documents and quotations must be made public to all suppliers, and internal bidding or bidding only to the evaluation Committee is not allowed.According to the negotiation situation, the negotiating team can modify and improve the procurement requirements and negotiation points in turn, and the negotiation should be conducted in the order of commercial and technical conditions first and then price. If the negotiating team does not make substantial changes to the negotiation documents to increase new demands, the latter round of quotation shall not be higher than or equal to the previous round of quotation. (8) The procurement response is invalid under any of the following circumstances: 1. The supplier does not meet the conditions stipulated in Article 22 of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Government Procurement Law; 2. The procurement response document is not stamped or signed as required by the procurement document; 3. The supplier does not meet the qualification conditions; 4. The procurement response documents provide false materials; 5. The procurement response document does not fully meet the substantive terms or indicators marked with "★" in the procurement document; 6. The supplier’s quotation is uncertain or exceeds the procurement budget (maximum price) listed in the procurement documents; 7. The supplier of the consortium failed to submit the agreement signed by all parties; 8. The supplier fails to pay the bid bond as required in the procurement documents; 9. During the evaluation, the supplier failed to submit the clarification, explanation, correction or change the substantive content of the procurement response document signed by the authorized representative as required by the bid evaluation committee; 10. Suppliers exert influence on purchasers, procurement agencies, bid evaluation committees and their staff, which hinders fairness and justice;11 laws, regulations, rules and regulations belong to other circumstances in which the response is invalid. When the purchaser or procurement agency conducts qualification examination and the review committee conducts compliance examination, it shall inform the supplier and explain the reasons if it finds that the supplier has substantially failed to respond to the procurement documents. (9) Where procurement is conducted by means of bidding, the purchaser may make necessary clarifications or amendments to the issued bidding documents, pre-qualification documents and invitation to bid, but shall not change the procurement target and qualification conditions. If it is really necessary to change the procurement target and qualification conditions, the tender announcement shall be re-issued. (ten) the number of winning bidders (clinchers) is recommended strictly according to the number specified in the procurement documents. If the quotation of the second successful bidder (clinch a deal) is more than 20% higher than that of the first successful bidder (clinch a deal), only one successful bidder (clinch a deal) is recommended. The first successful bidder (clinch a deal) candidate shall not give up the qualification of winning a bid (clinch a deal) at will without justifiable reasons. If the candidate who wins the bid (clinches a deal) abandons the qualification of winning the bid (clinches a deal), the purchaser can sort the list of candidates who win the bid (clinches a deal) recommended by the review report, determine the next candidate as the winning bidder (clinches a deal), or re-launch government procurement activities. Iv. procurement documents should reflect policy functions (1) government procurement purchases domestic goods, projects and services in principle. If the purchaser really needs to purchase imported products, it needs to be reported to the financial department at the same level for examination and approval. After approval, it needs to indicate in the procurement information announcement and procurement documents that "with the consent of the government procurement management department,Purchasing domestic products or imported products that are not restricted by national laws, regulations and policies. " The technical requirements of procurement documents shall not exclude domestic product suppliers, and the final procurement of domestic products or imported products shall be evaluated by the judges. (two) the implementation of the procurement of energy-saving products, environmental protection products, should be based on the list of items and certification issued by the relevant state departments to implement government priority procurement and compulsory procurement. For energy-saving products that are subject to compulsory procurement, energy-saving requirements should be regarded as substantive response indicators, and no longer enjoy preferential evaluation. (3) Except for the items specially purchased for small and medium-sized enterprises, small and medium-sized enterprises and prison enterprises shall be clearly given corresponding price deduction or evaluation bonus points in the procurement documents. When purchasing services, government agencies and institutions can give priority to purchasing services from vocational training institutions for the disabled or centralized employment institutions for the mentally disabled. V. Procurement Contract The procurement contract is an indispensable part of the procurement document. The terms of the contract shall clearly stipulate the rights and obligations of the buyer and the seller, and shall correspond to the procurement documents and bidding (response) documents one by one to ensure the implementation of the contract. VI. Release of Government Procurement Information (1) The announcement of government procurement information shall be legal, true, fully open and consistent in content. The government procurement system of the online service hall of the Guangdong Provincial Department of Finance and the Guangzhou Municipal Government procurement platform are the designated information publishing platforms in Guangzhou.The announcement of government procurement information shall be released to the public through the above platforms respectively. (2) Inviting tenders and other prequalification announcements, and the time for submitting prequalification application documents shall not be less than 5 working days from the date of announcement; The time for submitting the prequalification application documents for the prequalification announcement of government and social capital cooperation projects shall not be less than 15 working days from the date of announcement. The procurement process shall be carried out in strict accordance with the statutory time nodes, and shall not be advanced or postponed at will. (three) the project subject to public bidding shall not be less than 20 days from the date when the tender documents are issued to the deadline when the bidders submit their tender documents; For competitive negotiation projects, it shall not be less than 3 working days from the date when competitive negotiation documents are issued to the deadline when suppliers submit their first response documents; For the inquiry project, it shall not be less than 5 working days (excluding online bidding) from the date when the inquiry document is issued to the deadline when the supplier submits the response document; For competitive negotiation projects, it shall not be less than 10 days from the date when competitive negotiation documents are issued to the deadline when suppliers submit their first response documents. The procurement process shall be carried out in strict accordance with the statutory time nodes, and shall not be advanced or postponed at will. (four) the tender documents and competitive consultation documents shall be provided for no less than 5 working days from the date of information announcement. Except the tender documents and competitive negotiation documents, the procurement documents shall be provided for a period from the date of information announcement to the day before the deadline for suppliers to submit response documents. (5)If the purchaser or procurement agency makes necessary clarification or modification on the issued bidding documents, prequalification documents, competitive negotiation documents and competitive negotiation documents in which suppliers are invited to participate by announcement, it shall issue a correction announcement in the original announcement media and notify all potential suppliers who have obtained the procurement documents. If the clarification or modification may affect the preparation of bidding documents, prequalification application documents and response documents, a correction notice shall be issued at least 15 days before the deadline for bidding, at least 3 days before the deadline for submitting prequalification application documents, or 3 working days before the deadline for submitting the first response documents, and all potential suppliers who have obtained the procurement documents shall be notified; If it is less than the above time, the deadline for submitting bid documents, prequalification application documents and response documents shall be postponed. VII. Guidelines for the Relief of Supplier’s Rights (1) The procurement documents shall specify the ways of supplier’s inquiry, the way of receiving the inquiry letter, the contact department, contact telephone number and mailing address, etc. Procurement documents should indicate that the financial department at the same level accepts complaints according to the budget level of the purchaser. (2) The purchaser and the government procurement agency should pay attention to handling the reports and accusations against illegal acts in the preparation of procurement documents, do a good job in explanation and coordination, and guide suppliers to report to the auditing, supervision or financial departments at the same level of the purchaser according to law. VIII. Supervision and Inspection (1)Buyers and government procurement agencies in this Municipality shall prepare procurement documents and handle procurement matters in accordance with the requirements of the Guiding Opinions on the Preparation of Guangzhou Municipal Government Procurement Documents. (two) the government procurement supervision department may, according to the needs, inspect the procurement documents prepared and used by the purchaser and the government procurement agency from time to time, and make the inspection public or informed. (three) by the units and individuals to report, accuse, complain and the inspection of the government procurement supervision department, it is found that the purchaser and the government procurement agency have not prepared the procurement documents according to the regulations, and shall be ordered to make corrections; Refuses to correct, by the government procurement supervision and management departments in accordance with the law; If the procurement documents violate the law and cause losses, the parties concerned shall bear legal responsibilities. IX. Supplementary Provisions This opinion shall come into force as of the date of issuance and shall be valid for 5 years. Disclosure method: voluntary disclosure

Cctv newsOn August 20th, News Network and other columns reported that China’s high-level opening to the outside world was progressing steadily and international economic and trade cooperation was fruitful.

Shanghai Lingang New Area has initially formed an institutional open system.

Lingang New Area of China Pilot Free Trade Zone celebrated its fifth anniversary on August 20th. In the past five years, Lingang New Area has adhered to the international economic and trade rules on elevation standards,The institutional opening system of "five freedoms and one convenience" was initially established.

On August 20th, 44 key projects in Lingang New Area started. In the past five years, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society in Lingang New Area has grown at an average annual rate of over 30%.

In the past five years, Lingang New Area has adhered to the core of system innovation, and accelerated its bold exploration in the areas of investment freedom, trade freedom, capital freedom, transportation freedom, personnel employment freedom and fast information communication. Up to now, there have been 138 cases of breakthrough institutional innovation in Lingang New Area, of which 70 are the first in China. The regional GDP grew at an average annual rate of 19.8%, the actual amount of foreign direct investment increased at an average annual rate of 45.3%, and the import and export volume increased at an average annual rate of 37.5%. The reform and innovation tasks specified in the Master Plan of Lingang New Area of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone have been basically completed, and more than 330 policies have been issued.

Ministry of Commerce of China: The trade volume between China and Africa reached US$ 282.1 billion in 2023.

The 2024 China-Africa Cooperation Forum Summit will be held in Beijing from September 4th to 6th. At the press conference of the State Council Information Office on August 20th, the relevant person in charge introduced that in recent years, the scale of China-Africa trade has hit record highs. In 2023, the trade volume between China and Africa reached US$ 282.1 billion, an increase of nearly 11% compared with that in 2021, setting a new historical peak for the second consecutive year.

According to the relevant person in charge, as the first three-year plan of China-Africa Cooperation Vision 2035, China and Africa have jointly implemented the "Nine Projects" since 2021. At present, all the aid and development cooperation projects to Africa under the "Nine Projects" have been implemented, and China-Africa investment cooperation has grown steadily.

Tang Wenhong, Assistant Minister of Commerce of China, said that by the end of 2023, China’s stock of direct investment in Africa exceeded 40 billion US dollars, making it one of the most important sources of foreign investment in Africa. In the past three years, enterprises in China have created more than 1.1 million local jobs, and made important contributions to increasing local tax revenue and earning foreign exchange through export.

According to the relevant person in charge, financial institutions and enterprises in China adhere to market principles and international rules to carry out investment and financing cooperation with Africa, fully respect the wishes of African countries and consider their actual needs. China has never attached any political conditions, so it is widely welcomed by Africa.

Shen Xiang, director of the west asia and africa Department of the Ministry of Commerce of China, said that the China government has always adhered to the true concept of sincerity and the correct concept of justice and interests to carry out cooperation with Africa, and actively helped Africa alleviate the debt repayment pressure through multilateral and bilateral channels. Under the multilateral framework of the G-20 Debt Relief Initiative, China has actively participated in the handling of individual debts of Zambia and other countries, and played an active role in the Debt Committee, which has facilitated countries to reach debt relief plans.

Xu Dandan, a CCTV reporter from the General Station, said that the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce of China introduced that China has maintained its position as Africa’s largest trading partner for 15 consecutive years, and a number of infrastructure and manufacturing projects have achieved results one by one. China also sent more than 500 agricultural experts to Africa and trained nearly 9,000 agricultural talents, which strongly supported the process of agricultural modernization in Africa. It is expected that this summit will better realize China-Africa development linkage and achievement sharing.

General Administration of Customs: In the first seven months of this year, the scale of China-Vietnam foreign trade increased by over 20%.

The General Administration of Customs recently announced that in the first seven months of this year, China imported and exported 1.03 trillion yuan to Vietnam, a year-on-year increase of 24.1%. Among them, exports were 647.8 billion yuan, up by 25.5%; Imports reached 382.9 billion yuan, up by 21.7%.

"Chongqing-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Map Scheduled Train" was successfully launched.

On the morning of August 20th, the first "Chongqing-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Map Scheduled Train" was successfully launched.

The first scheduled train of Chongqing-Shenzhen-Hong Kong is loaded with auto parts, electronic products and other goods. It will arrive in Yantian Port Area of Shenzhen within 2 days, then transfer to Kwai Tsing Port Area of Hong Kong, put on an international liner and send it to Europe, Japan and Southeast Asia.

The opening and operation of "Chongqing-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Map Scheduled Train" has added another new channel for the goods in Chengdu-Chongqing area to go to sea, and the economic circle of the twin cities in Chengdu-Chongqing area has a new connection with Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

The spring sun is just right,Might as well exercise more!

Lack of exercise,Can lead to endocrine disorders.endorphinDecreased secretion (with analgesic and relaxing effects),Cortisol(related to anxiety) increased secretion.Sedentary causes poor blood circulation.In turn, the brain is deprived of oxygen, which damages brain function and causes muscle soreness and stiffness in the neck, shoulders and waist.Lack of outdoor light,SerotoninThe level of neurotransmitter (responsible for regulating emotions) decreases, which induces depression and anxiety; daymelatoninSecretion can not be effectively inhibited, making people feel sleepy, while melatonin secretion is insufficient at night, which can not induce sleep normally.

In the past few days, influenza has been raging in many places, and its epidemic intensity is significantly higher than that in the same period of last year. Among them, the 0-4 and 25-59 age groups account for the highest proportion. The National Health and Family Planning Commission recently released the latest version of the influenza diagnosis and treatment plan to clarify the timing of anti-influenza virus treatment. Antiviral treatment within 48 hours of onset can reduce influenza complications, and severe patients over 48 hours can still benefit from antiviral treatment.

Original Shanghai Xuhui Shanghai Xuhui

The infection rate of influenza in adults is 5%-10%, and that in children is 20%-30%. How should children deal with the flu? The reporter interviewed Liu Yangyan, the attending pediatrician of the Eighth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, to teach us what influenza is, its symptoms, its countermeasures and preventive measures.

What is the flu?

Influenza is the abbreviation of influenza, which is a highly contagious respiratory disease caused by influenza virus. Influenza viruses are divided into four types, of which type A and type B are the main ones that affect human beings, among which type A is more virulent. Influenza caused by influenza A and B viruses are also called influenza A and influenza B respectively. According to the information collected by CDC this year, influenza A (H1N1) and influenza B (H3N2) are prevalent.

Influenza occurs every year. Why is it particularly strong this year?

When a new subtype or an old subtype of influenza A virus reappears, people generally lack the corresponding immunity, which causes the virus to spread rapidly among people. Coupled with the impact of the epidemic in 2022, fewer people were vaccinated against influenza, resulting in an influenza outbreak this spring.

What is the difference in symptoms between children and adults?

Most adult influenza cases are common. Compared with adults, children suffer from influenza more quickly, and high fever is more common. At the highest time, their body temperature can reach 39℃-41℃, and their systemic symptoms are more serious, often accompanied by chills, chills, muscle aches, diarrhea, abdominal pain, etc. A few people are prone to pneumonia, myocarditis and septic shock.

Children, especially those under 5 years old, are high-risk groups of influenza, and they are more likely to suffer from severe and critical illness. In addition, children’s influenza is prone to acute laryngitis, otitis media, tracheitis, bronchitis and pneumonia, and the mortality rate is higher than that of adults.

Neonatal influenza is relatively rare, but it is not uncommon. After infection, there are often many complications, such as pneumonia. Other clinical manifestations may include refusing milk, drowsiness and shortness of breath. In addition, the probability of children’s influenza complicated with encephalopathy and encephalitis is higher than that of adults, mainly manifested as indifference, lethargy, slow response, convulsions, etc. Therefore, children’s influenza should pay attention to the symptoms of digestive tract and nervous system in addition to respiratory symptoms.

What should children do if they get the flu?

If the child has high fever, sore throat, general weakness and muscle pain, he may be targeted by the flu and need to see a doctor immediately. The hospital has a rapid flu antigen test. Once the flu is diagnosed or highly suspected, active antiviral treatment should be taken. Antiviral treatment is the best within 48 hours after symptoms appear, even if it exceeds 48 hours, antiviral drugs can also benefit. Therefore, for children, no matter how many days the flu symptoms appear, if the condition has not improved, antiviral drug treatment should be started as soon as possible after suspicion or diagnosis.

Oral oseltamivir is the first choice for the treatment of influenza in children at present. Infants under one year old, severe or critically ill children who are inconvenient to take oral drugs can also be treated with intravenous infusion of peramivir injection. Children should be given drugs according to their weight according to the instructions. Generally, the antiviral course of oseltamivir takes 5 days, and that of peramivir takes 1-5 days. The course of treatment for severe patients can be extended appropriately.

But don’t blindly use antiviral drugs, whether it’s the flu or the common cold, take oseltamivir. Before using oseltamivir, patients suspected of influenza should try to take respiratory tract samples for pathogen detection, which is beneficial to judge whether to take medicine according to the treatment plan, use according to the prevention plan or stop taking medicine according to the condition. Oseltamivir is not a "magic medicine" without side effects, which may cause a series of adverse reactions, mainly nausea, vomiting and other digestive tract symptoms, as well as skin changes (rash, erythema, toxic epidermal necrolysis, etc.) and mental symptoms (delirium, abnormal behavior).

In addition to antiviral drugs, Chinese patent medicine Xiaoer Chiqiao Qingre Granule and some traditional Chinese medicines for relieving cough and eliminating phlegm have also been selected as influenza guidelines in China.

Taking antiviral drugs does not mean entering the "safe". Parents should closely observe the general situation of their children. When the following changes occur, they should seek medical treatment in time and need hospitalization:

Persistent high fever for more than 3 days; Cough is aggravated, and the amount of sputum is obviously increased; Dyspnea or chest pain; Purple lips; Severe vomiting, diarrhea, dehydration; Mental changes such as unresponsiveness, lethargy and convulsions; The original underlying diseases are obviously aggravated.

How to prevent influenza in the high season?

There are three effective ways to prevent and control infectious diseases:

First, control the source of infection. If the school or family members have flu symptoms, they should be properly isolated, and the isolation can be lifted when the symptoms disappear for 48 hours or the test is negative.

Second, block the route of transmission. The most effective prevention methods in the high incidence period are wearing masks and washing hands frequently. We should also adhere to the "epidemic prevention three-piece suit": wear masks scientifically, keep social distance and pay attention to personal hygiene. "Five Protection Needs": Keep wearing masks, keep social distance, cover your cough and sneeze, wash your hands frequently, and try to open the windows.

Third, protect vulnerable groups. The most effective way to protect susceptible people is vaccination. Although vaccination will still infect people, vaccination can avoid a large-scale epidemic in the population, alleviate clinical symptoms and avoid serious diseases. In the past two weeks, if there are already infected people around, it is suggested that vaccination can be suspended. At this time, there may be a certain viral load and antibodies have been produced by themselves. The antibody produced by the vaccine is 2-4 weeks after vaccination, and it is best to vaccinate in autumn every year, which can prevent infection in winter and next spring.

In addition, we should work and rest regularly, ensure adequate sleep, eat healthily, adhere to moderate exercise and improve our immunity. Vitamin c can be supplemented in the near future to enhance the body’s resistance. Close contacts of influenza patients can be prevented by oral oseltamivir.

According to the data monitoring of major hospitals, the flu is at its peak and will come to an end at the end of March. Children who are not infected need active prevention. If children who have been infected need active treatment, pay attention to rest and take medicine according to the doctor’s advice. Parents should actively pay attention to the condition and avoid serious illness.

Original title: "How to deal with the flu peak? Besides oseltamivir, these drugs can also be used →

Read the original text

　　This report is compiled in accordance with the requirements of the Regulations of People’s Republic of China (PRC) Municipality on the Openness of Government Information and the Regulations of Beijing Municipality on the Openness of Government Information, and on the basis of the 2016 annual report on the work of government information disclosure of committees, offices, bureaus and sub-district offices in Xicheng District.

　　The full text includes the key work of government information and government affairs disclosure in Xicheng District in 2016, the information disclosure in key areas, the existing shortcomings and improvement measures, and the relevant data of government information disclosure such as voluntary disclosure, disclosure upon application, administrative reconsideration, administrative litigation and reporting.

　　The statistical period of the data listed in this report is from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016. The electronic version of this report can be downloaded from the column of government information disclosure on the website of Xicheng District Government (http://www.bjxch.gov.cn). If you have any questions about the report, please contact the Xicheng District Government Information Disclosure Office (Address: No.27 Erlong Road, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100032; Tel: 010-88064284).

　　First, the key work situation

　　(A) to strengthen the top-level design, to promote a good start in government affairs.

　　First, a leading group for the openness of government affairs, headed by the district head, was established, and the office of the leading group was renamed Xicheng District Government Information and Openness of Government Affairs Office, to coordinate and guide the openness of government affairs in the whole region. Second, in accordance with the working idea of "fast start, steady progress and step by step", the work in 2016 will be started first, and the implementation opinions guiding the five-year work will be compiled by the end of the year in combination with the phased results. Completed the annual goal of "establishing and improving institutions with reasonable setup, strong overall coordination and smooth work operation". Third, after two rounds of feedback, three rounds of soliciting opinions and expert argumentation, the work plan and content points of Xicheng District’s government affairs disclosure in 2016 were formed, which consists of four parts: "mandatory disclosure, characteristic disclosure, exploration disclosure and daily work", and nine working mechanisms were issued, including major decision-making pre-disclosure, policy interpretation workflow and application disclosure procedures.

　　Approve and make public the two-level list. In accordance with the work requirements of Beijing’s three-level list of government affairs disclosure, in order to solve the problems of wide range of government affairs disclosure, large amount of information, inconsistent standards, difficult quantification of assessment and openness, the district-level and street-level List of Government Affairs Disclosure in Key Areas of Xicheng District was formulated and published. The district-level list contains 305 items in 41 categories, and the street-level list contains 47 items in 11 categories. At the same time, the list of 41 public service items that can be handled immediately by streets was expanded and established.

　　Improve the level of openness and informatization of government affairs, enhance the dissemination and influence of government affairs information, optimize government affairs management services, and carry out innovative application of QR codes from different angles, such as focusing on the overall situation, serving enterprises and benefiting citizens. Two-dimensional codes are widely used to provide convenience services. For example, the convenience service manual of the district comprehensive administrative service center "Work Raiders" has realized the convenience service of electronic two-dimensional codes.

　　Optimize the construction of government hotline platform. Integrate government hotline service resources to build a 12341 service line, providing 7*24-hour all-weather service. Realize the closed loop of the government hotline service, which is accepted on the 1st, classified and disposed, completed within a limited time, unified transferred, strictly supervised and responded in time. Establish a follow-up visit and notification system, promote the answering rate, completion rate and satisfaction rate with performance appraisal, and gradually form a service model of "unified number, unified consultation, unified transfer and unified supervision", which has unblocked the channels of political and civil interaction.

　　Create a normalized offline platform for political and civilian interaction. Set up an interactive live broadcast room between the government and the people, and hold regular press conferences around the hot issues of people’s livelihood, such as the interpretation of the 13 th Five-Year Plan, the renovation of the shantytown in Baizhifang, and the quasi-property management in the bungalow area; Held more than 20 policy interpretation and publicity activities; Holding government open days, inviting residents’ representatives to visit the government office environment, experience the full response command platform, and participate in simulated government standing meetings, etc., so as to improve the initiative and enthusiasm of the masses to understand and participate in government management and services, which has become the new normal of government work.

　　(B) focus on all-media integration, interpretation and response to achieve new breakthroughs.

　　In 2016, during the "two sessions" of the district, publicity and reports were comprehensively carried out through various forms such as traditional media, television and the Internet. Central and municipal traditional media, such as CCTV, People’s Daily, Xinhua Daily Telegraph, Beijing Daily, Beijing Evening News, Beijing Youth Daily, Beijing Morning Post, Jinghua Times, and Beijing TV Station, published 75 articles, published more than 60 articles on the Internet (excluding reprints) and reported on TV for more than 10 times. There are 2 headlines on the front page, 26 headlines on the news page and nearly 10 home pages on the website. More than 180 articles on Weibo were published, which were forwarded nearly 980 times, and more than 800 articles were commented, covering more than 970,000 people.

　　People’s livelihood issues should be interpreted and interpreted. Establish a pre-disclosure and policy interpretation mechanism for major administrative decisions in Xicheng District, which is coordinated by the Propaganda Department of the District Party Committee (District Information Office), the District Government Office and the District Legislative Affairs Office, with the technical support of the District Science and Information Committee and the specific responsibility of all departments and units in the region. Where the people’s livelihood issues with high social concern need to be submitted to the government standing Committee for deliberation, it is required to submit the interpretation documents simultaneously when submitting the materials at the meeting. Formulate a catalogue of pre-disclosure and publicity of key tasks of the district government.

　　The main leaders took the lead in "sounding". In 2016, the head of Xicheng District and seven deputy heads of districts held 10 press conferences on their respective responsibilities, especially around the economic and social development of Xicheng District during the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period. Explain in detail the issues that the masses are generally concerned about and show the beautiful life of Xicheng development to all sectors of society. There are 76 national and municipal print media news reports, 45 online media news reports and 25 Xicheng Daily news reports.

　　The new media platform of "two micro-ends" forms a communication matrix. Xicheng District actively explores the new mode of "internet plus’s open government affairs", using Weibo, WeChat and clients to publish government affairs information, taking Beijing Xicheng official WeChat as the center, gathering Xicheng talents, Xicheng statistics, Xicheng street affairs and other units and streets WeChat WeChat official account to form a WeChat matrix, centrally publishing official information such as government affairs information, government affairs trends and policy documents, and exploring an online interactive communication platform. At the same time, Financial Street Street, Exhibition Road Street and other units took the lead in exploring "mobile phone client+open government affairs" to provide accurate services such as online booking for the masses.

　　Respond to social concerns in time. The Propaganda Department of the District Party Committee takes the lead in improving the mechanism of collecting, judging, responding and publishing government public opinions, keeping abreast of the concerns of all parties, and continuously publishing the facts, developments and disposal results of important government public opinions, media concerns, social concerns and other hot spots and emergencies, so as to ensure timely and effective responses when dealing with major emergencies and social hot events. Since the beginning of this year, Xicheng District has held three news briefings and released eight key information about the "immigrant dad" Wenchang Hutong high-priced school district incident and Baiyun Road primary school playground problem.

　　(3) Strengthen the construction of mechanism guarantee and lay a solid foundation for public work.

　　Strengthen performance management and assessment supervision. Openness of government affairs is included in the performance appraisal system of district departments. Establish a system to promote administration according to law by making applications public, standardize the workflow of making applications public, strengthen the thinking of the rule of law, prevent and control legal risks, and promote the administration of departments according to law. Guide the commissions, bureaus and streets to improve the level of disclosure according to the application and standardization according to law. Establish and improve the third-party evaluation system for open government affairs. Third-party assessment of government departments and streets. Evaluate the openness of key areas, policy interpretation and response to concerns, and safeguard and supervision mechanisms.

　　Strengthen the supervision of government websites. Give full play to the role of the third-party inspection and evaluation mechanism, conduct a comprehensive inspection of the content construction of all commissions and bureaus and street websites in the region, dig deep into problems, and put forward rectification suggestions, effectively preventing the recurrence of problems such as "untimely, inaccurate, unresponsive and impractical" websites of all units in the region.

　　Do a good job in Xicheng District Government Gazette. Efforts will be made to improve the quality and timeliness of the publication of normative documents and give full play to the guidance and service role of standard texts. Regularly transfer the government gazette to the District People’s Congress, the District People’s Political Consultative Conference, various government departments, streets, communities and various government information public access centers to meet the access needs of grassroots people.

　　Carry out grassroots research and start the pilot work of government affairs disclosure in Xicheng. Guided by the goal of "publicity is the norm, and non-publicity is the exception", this paper explores the compilation of the list of public government affairs in Xicheng District, and makes basic preparations for the gradual realization of information management.

　　Do a good job in education and training. Extensive education and training on government information and government affairs publicity will be carried out in various forms such as mobilization and deployment in the whole region, peer-to-peer training and publicity, and special training and publicity. Among them, the district government has held three sessions of public training conferences on government information and government affairs, and participated in more than 1000 trainings; Provide training activities to 32 district departments and streets, and achieve full coverage of business training for leaders and staff in charge of government information and government affairs disclosure in the whole region.

　　II. Information disclosure in key areas

　　Xicheng District has opened a column of "Information Disclosure in Key Areas" on the government portal website, and according to the unified requirements of the city, the information disclosure in all key areas in the whole region is accurate, which has significantly improved the quantity and quality of information disclosure in key areas.

　　(1) Promoting openness around deepening reform

　　Publicize the "list of powers and responsibilities in Xicheng District" as required, and establish a dynamic management mechanism to realize the dynamic management of the list of powers and responsibilities. Promote the openness of the implementation of the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" policy, and further promote the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform around streamlining matters, investment reform, standardized management, stimulating vitality, market order, and government services. Actively promote the work of "double random and one open", innovatively establish and improve the working mechanism of "joint meeting of market order supervision", build the relevant data platform, take the lead in launching the first "double random" joint spot check, and determine high-risk industries such as finance, prepayment and food sales as the inspection targets based on the platform spot check system module and risk warning results, and realize the joint double random spot check at the district level for the first time, and effectively explore the process and mode of joint double random spot check.

　　Promote the information disclosure of safety production supervision and law enforcement. Do a good job in the information release of administrative license for production safety, law enforcement inspection and administrative punishment, timely release the emergency handling of sudden accidents, regularly disclose the emergency plan for accidents of dangerous chemicals and the emergency plan for production safety, and determine six key disclosure contents, namely accident investigation, accident express, emergency plan, administrative punishment, administrative license and law enforcement inspection.

　　Promote the disclosure of product quality supervision and law enforcement information. Regularly disclose the information on the investigation results of administrative punishment, and publicize the information such as the name of the completed case, the number of the punishment decision, the name of the illegal enterprise, the unified social credit code/organization code, the punishment organ, and the date of punishment to the public.

　　Promote the disclosure of information on the supervision of the tourism market, timely update the directory of star-rated hotels, grade tourist attractions and branch of a travel agency and service outlets in the jurisdiction, timely publicize the evaluation and review results of one to three-star hotels and tourist attractions below 3A level, and regularly disclose the administrative punishment.

　　Promote the disclosure of enterprise credit information, cooperate with the Municipal Administration for Industry and Commerce to implement the Second-stage Action Plan for Strengthening the Construction of Enterprise Credit System in Beijing (2016-2018), cooperate with the functional construction of Credit Beijing website, provide the publicity content of enterprise credit information for Credit Beijing website in the form of links, regularly submit the information data of credit Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and joint reward and punishment cases according to the requirements of the Municipal Bureau, promote the unified publicity system of social credit codes, and build publicity columns to disclose the legal persons and other organizations that have obtained social credit codes to the public.

　　Do a good job in investigating and dealing with the information disclosure of administrative penalties for manufacturing and selling counterfeit and shoddy goods and infringing intellectual property rights. The name of the closed case, the name of the punished person or unit, the main illegal facts, the basis of punishment, the types and results are publicized to the public through the Beijing Enterprise Credit Information Network. In 2016, 164 trademark infringement cases were investigated; Investigated and dealt with 34 illegal cases of manufacturing and selling substandard goods, passing fake goods off as genuine ones and passing shoddy goods off as good ones. Many media, such as Beijing TV Station, tracked and reported the law enforcement actions to investigate and deal with intellectual property infringement, and increased the publicity of regional trademark strategy, which had a good news effect.

　　Promote the openness of public enterprises and institutions. Improve the public service guide to facilitate enterprises and the masses. Cooperate with Beijing to promote price reform, focus on key tasks such as water price, hot price and medical service price reform, and do a good job in the implementation, publicity and interpretation of relevant policies.

　　(2) Promoting openness around promoting economic development

　　Promote the publicity of the coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei. During the two sessions, the relevant information about the special action of resolving and rectifying and promoting promotion was reported, and the district departments actively promoted the reporting and disclosure of relevant information on economic cooperation and coordinated development in related fields.

　　Promote the publicity of innovation and development. Timely carry out public interpretation work such as mass entrepreneurship and innovation action plan and comprehensive innovation and reform pilot policies. Focus on promoting innovation and entrepreneurship service institutions, science and technology policy presentation, achievement transformation project promotion, technology and finance special collection and other aspects of information disclosure. Deepen the information disclosure of the policies and measures for the entry and exit of foreign talents, the entrepreneurship of scientific and technological personnel and the development of innovative incubators in Zhongguancun Independent Innovation Demonstration Zone.

　　Promote the disclosure of tax reduction and fee reduction information. In-depth publicity work was carried out to comprehensively promote the pilot reform of the camp, and several trainings on the policy of the camp reform were organized, with more than 30,000 participants. At the same time, the two-dimensional code and various tax publicity materials for tax-related matters related to the reform of the camp will be produced, and publicity reports will be made through subway lines and various media to fully ensure that the tax burden of the reform of the camp will only be reduced. Through the website, we will actively disclose all kinds of tax-related policies and handling procedures to the public, open a column on the pilot work of camp reform, a column on tax incentives for small and meager profit enterprises, and a column on income tax settlement and payment, and timely disclose the latest policies. Combining with "internet plus Taxation", we will innovatively establish a 3D version of the experience hall on the WeChat pocket, further broaden the channels of policy disclosure, and increase the publicity of government information on the Internet.

　　State-owned enterprise operation supervision information disclosure, timely disclosure of the appointment and removal of leaders of state-owned enterprises and the overall operation of state-owned capital, disclosure of state-owned assets and business performance assessment. Promote the disclosure of information on the restructuring and reorganization of state-owned enterprises, and timely release information on the reorganization of first-class enterprises.

　　(3) Promoting openness around the improvement of people’s livelihood

　　Promote the disclosure of environmental protection information. Revise the Emergency Plan for Heavy Air Pollution in Xicheng District of Beijing, and do a good job in making the plan public and in-depth interpretation. According to the "Beijing old motor vehicle elimination and renewal plan", the Xicheng District’s plan to promote the elimination and renewal of old motor vehicles was published, and the work progress was announced regularly. Continue to release air quality monitoring and forecasting information in Xicheng District.

　　Promote the disclosure of social assistance information. Do a good job in interpreting policy documents on urban and rural subsistence allowances, support for destitute people, medical assistance, education aid, heating assistance and temporary assistance. Publicize the situation of residents’ minimum living guarantee families’ enjoyment of security. Make public the information about the low-income object and the destitute personnel, and make public the development of medical assistance and temporary assistance. With the advancement of related work in Beijing, we will explore the disclosure of the number of people and capital expenditures of poor dependents, medical assistance objects and temporary assistance objects in Xicheng District, and explore the disclosure of registration information of charitable organizations.

　　Promote the disclosure of employment and entrepreneurship information. The use of newspapers, the Internet, foreign service hall electronic screen and publicity columns and other publicity platforms, the implementation of joint release of major policies on employment and entrepreneurship. Combined with the municipal and district employment and entrepreneurship policies, we have taken various forms to increase policy training for streets, employers, especially unemployed people. Make full use of foreign websites, electronic display screens in service halls and other media to publicize employment policies and release recruitment information. A district-level full employment management platform system has been developed, which can update the employment information of unemployed people and implement assistance service information in real time, and realize the tracking service and dynamic management at the district, street and residence levels.

　　Promote the transformation of shanty towns and the disclosure of information on affordable housing. In terms of shantytown renovation, Xicheng District Guangyuan shed renovation project implemented "three publicity to households", that is, the results of household survey were publicized to households, the compensation plan (pre-division plan) was publicized to households, and the compensation results were publicized to households. The headquarters set up an electronic information inquiry system, covering key issues such as investigation and registration, housing management, evaluation management, and contract management. After the signing period, residents applied and followed the procedures. On the premise of not affecting the legitimate rights and interests of others, residents can inquire about all matters related to expropriation according to the inquiry conditions, including the compensation results of other expropriated people in the project, so as to realize the information, refinement and transparent management of expropriation compensation. In the aspect of information disclosure of affordable housing, according to the relevant regulations on information disclosure of housing security, the information about the application publicity, intention registration, lottery results, rent allocation and distribution of affordable housing was disclosed in the column of information disclosure of affordable housing on Xicheng government website.

　　Promote the disclosure of educational information. Gradually open compulsory education enrollment information, compulsory education scribing work procedures, contents, results, enrollment methods, enrollment processes, certificate requirements and handling methods for accompanying children. We will continue to deepen the reform of the examination enrollment system, and publicize the information disclosure of the second three-year action plan for preschool education and the reform of education and teaching.

　　Actively promote the information disclosure of medical and health institutions. Forward the Catalogue of Information Disclosure of Nine Types of Medical and Health Institutions, such as Hospitals and Family Planning Technical Service Institutions, formulated by the National Health and Family Planning Commission, and make clear provisions on the scope, catalogue, standards and forms of disclosure, so as to guide medical and health institutions to prepare public service guidelines and increase information disclosure for the society and clients. Further promote the openness of cooperation between Beijing and Hebei medical institutions.

　　(D) promote openness around the government’s own construction.

　　Improve the open system of government meetings. Taking promoting the opening of the meeting as an important starting point for making decisions public, the district government executive meeting invited representatives of citizens, news media, experts and scholars to attend the district government executive meeting for 48 times to enhance the transparency of decision-making; The executive meeting of the district government conducted a "micro-live broadcast" throughout the process, forming an open mode of government meetings with "on-site and off-site representatives offering advice and suggestions, and interactive exchanges between government and people online and offline".

　　Promote the pre-disclosure of major decisions. Establish a pre-disclosure mechanism for major administrative decisions, and submit them to the district government standing committee for deliberation on important reform plans, major policy measures, key projects and other policy measures and documents that involve a wide range, are highly concerned by the society, are closely related to people’s production and life, and need to be widely known by the society. Relevant departments should disclose the draft decision and decision-making basis to the public before making decisions, and announce the collection and adoption of public opinions in an appropriate way. For the decision-making matters with high social concern, such as the Implementation Measures for Subsidies for Home Care Services for the Elderly with Moderate and Severe Disability in Xicheng District, before formal documents are formed, relevant information will be disclosed to the public, public opinions and suggestions will be collected, and the adoption of opinions will be fed back.

　　Carry out a public opinion survey system on major livelihood decision-making matters. Formulate guiding opinions on the mechanism of public opinion project establishment in people’s livelihood work, and build a platform for the implementation of the guarantee mechanism for all public opinion projects, such as the "people’s livelihood work joint meeting mechanism" and the "whole process open mechanism", so as to enhance the intensive, accurate and efficient capacity of public services and protect the rights and interests of residents in all aspects.

　　Promote the disclosure of financial budget and final accounts information. The government’s budget and final accounts have been made public in full-caliber. Both the government’s budget and final accounts have been made public to the lowest "item" level of budget subjects according to their functions, and the "paragraph" level budget of basic expenditure financial allocation has been made public according to economic classification. The amount of new government debt, government procurement and government procurement services and the amount of budget disclosure; The final accounts of the "three public" funds of the department are publicly refined to the number and number of delegations going abroad on business, the number and quantity of official vehicles purchased, the number and number of domestic official receptions, and the total amount of funds. Further clarify the subject, scope, content, form and time limit of the district department’s budget and final accounts. In accordance with the unified deployment and requirements of the Ministry of Finance, our district has established a unified platform for the disclosure of financial budgets and final accounts, and made the government budget and final accounts information and departmental budget and final accounts information centralized and open on the unified platform to facilitate public access and supervision.

　　Third, information disclosure data

　　(a) take the initiative to disclose the situation

　　In 2016, 14,690 pieces of government information were voluntarily disclosed. Take the initiative to disclose 16 normative documents. Disclosure of government information in key areas 2075. Among them, 316 items of financial budget final accounts, "three public funds" and administrative funds were voluntarily disclosed; Take the initiative to disclose 110 pieces of information such as the construction plan of affordable housing projects, the start and completion of projects, and the distribution and withdrawal of affordable housing; Take the initiative to disclose food safety standards, food production and business license, special inspection and rectification and other information 39; Take the initiative to disclose 24 information such as environmental verification and approval, environmental status bulletin and major environmental emergencies; 433 information such as government measures, disposal progress, risk early warning and preventive measures of production safety accidents were voluntarily disclosed; Actively disclose 2 pieces of information such as the audit results of government department budget implementation; Take the initiative to disclose 18 pieces of information such as the audit results of government department budget implementation; 17 pieces of information on the supervision and management of public enterprises and institutions closely related to the interests of the people by administrative organs; Actively disclose 1116 other information and other information decided by the people’s government of the district. To sort out and make public the list of 17 items and 66 items that must be disclosed and the corresponding contents; Sort out the list of 393 key areas and services in 52 categories of departments and streets.

　　The disclosure of government information through different channels and ways, including 22 articles on disclosure of government information in the government gazette; 14029 pieces of government information are published on government websites; 12,405 items of government information disclosure in Weibo; 4055 items of government information disclosed by government WeChat; Other ways to disclose government information 2235.

　　(2) Responding to the interpretation.

　　Responded to public concerns about hot spots or major public opinions 5196 times. Including attending or holding 56 press conferences, of which the main responsible comrades participated in 23 press conferences; There were 5 online interviews on the government website, among which the main responsible comrades participated in 3 online interviews on the government website; 259 policy interpretation manuscripts were released; Weibo WeChat responded to the incident 94 times; Other ways responded to the incident 5341 times. The head of the department walked into the 12341 district government service hotline and answered 90 calls from the people on the government hotline, covering issues of concern to the people such as environment, demolition, shed renovation and house repair.

　　(two) according to the application for disclosure.

　　1. Application status

　　In 2016, our unit received a total of 1466 applications for government information disclosure, a decrease of 122 compared with the previous year.

　　Among them, 765 applications were made in person, accounting for 52.18% of the total, a decrease of 252 compared with the previous year; There were 58 applications submitted through the Internet, accounting for 3.96% of the total, an increase of 36 compared with the previous year; 650 applications were made by letter, accounting for 44.34% of the total, an increase of 84 compared with the previous year.

　　2, the reply

　　Of the 1,445 applications that have been answered:

　　81 cases have been made public voluntarily, accounting for 5.61% of the total.

　　398 cases (27.54% of the total) agreed to be made public, mainly involving information such as government documents.

　　61 "agreed to be partially made public", accounting for 4.22% of the total.

　　43 cases were "not made public", accounting for 2.98% of the total.

　　There were 351 "information does not exist", accounting for 24.29% of the total.

　　280 pieces were "not controlled by the unit", accounting for 19.37% of the total.

　　There were 68 "unclear application contents", accounting for 4.71% of the total.

　　158 pieces of "non-governmental information", accounting for 10.93% of the total.

　　Five pieces have been transferred to the archives, accounting for 0.35% of the total.

　　3. Other issues that need to be explained.

　　From the analysis of the object of application, citizens are the main ones, accounting for 99.45% of all applications. There are 8 applications for government information submitted in the name of organizations, accounting for 0.55% of all applications.

　　(3) Consultation situation

　　In 2016, the unit received a total of 51,911 consultations from citizens, legal persons and other organizations on government information disclosure. Among them, there were 23,933 on-site consultations, accounting for 46.11% of the total; 27,686 telephone consultations, accounting for 53.33% of the total; There were 292 online consultations, accounting for 0.56% of the total.

　　(four) administrative reconsideration, litigation and reporting.

　　In 2016, there were 152 applications for administrative reconsideration for the disclosure of government information in the whole region. The main reason was that 101 specific administrative acts were maintained, 32 cases were corrected according to law, and 19 cases were other circumstances.

　　There are 234 administrative litigation cases against the disclosure of government information in the whole region, the main reason of which is that they refuse to accept the reply of information disclosure. 234 cases were accepted, 160 cases were upheld or rejected, 7 cases were corrected according to law, and 67 cases were under other circumstances.

　　The whole region accepted 0 complaints and reports related to government information disclosure.

　　(5) Institution building and security training.

　　In 2016, the number of specialized agencies for government information disclosure in the whole region was one; Set up 42 public access points for government information; 158 staff engaged in government information disclosure; The whole region held 149 meetings or special conferences on government information disclosure at all levels and types throughout the year; Held 103 training courses of various types; 6891 people were trained.

　　Fourth, the existing shortcomings and improvement measures

　　In 2016, Xicheng District successfully completed its annual target and achieved some results, but there are still some problems and shortcomings. There is still a gap between the information content of voluntary disclosure and the growing demand for information disclosure by the public. The content of voluntary disclosure needs to be further extended and deepened, and the depth and breadth of disclosure still need to be further expanded. The training of government information disclosure needs to be strengthened, and the service ability and service level of government information disclosure staff need to be further improved.

　　In 2017, we will continue to deepen our efforts. The first is to improve the construction of an open platform. Revise and upgrade the government portal website, revise the government website management and information release mechanism, and improve the quality of publicity. Give full play to the advantages of the new media platform and make it the main front for the government to speak out and the people to make suggestions. The second is to disclose the relevant contents of the government affairs list in key areas on time and gradually expand the open field. The third is to strengthen the interaction between the government and the people. Guided by the needs of the masses, we will refine the scope of public participation and improve the public opinion gathering mechanism. Make good use of new media and actively explore new modes of public participation, so that the public can participate in policy formulation, implementation and supervision to a greater extent.

Xicheng District People’s Government of Beijing Municipality

March 2017

　　Schedule:

People in Xicheng District of BeijingStatistical table of government information disclosure

(2016)

Radar Financial Products | edited by Li Yihui | Deep Sea

Meituan, whose market value plummeted during the year, announced its performance report for the second quarter of 2021 on August 30. According to the financial report, in the second quarter, Meituan’s revenue was 43.76 billion yuan and its net loss was 3.36 billion yuan, which was the third consecutive quarterly performance loss of Meituan. Throughout the first half of the year, Meituan’s revenue was 80.78 billion yuan, with a net loss of 8.203 billion yuan, compared with a profit of 631 million yuan in the same period last year.

Behind the "Waterloo" performance, Meituan is striving to maintain the dominance of local life, including responding to the penetration of platforms such as Tik Tok into local life. In the new business field, Meituan and its competitors are equally fierce. Community e-commerce, flash shopping, grocery shopping and other parts contributed a loss of 17.28 billion yuan to Meituan in the first half of the year.

In addition to the visible "burning money" war in business, Meituan also faces two other challenges. One is the anti-monopoly investigation disclosed in the financial report. As of the announcement date, the relevant investigation is still going on, and the company may be required to change its business practices or be fined heavily. Secondly, the policy "boots" of 4.7 million laborers sent by Meituan to participate in social insurance has fallen, and it is not known whether Meituan can catch it.

The loss of new business in the first half of the year was 17.3 billion yuan.

In a single quarter, the revenue growth rate of Meituan in the second quarter slowed down compared with the first quarter.

The financial report shows that in the second quarter of 2021, the revenue of Meituan was 43.759 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 77%. In comparison, the revenue of Meituan in the first quarter was 37.016 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 120.9%.

According to the business classification, Meituan’s food and beverage take-out, going to stores, hotels and traveling are its main businesses, and they also make money for the company. The new business and others include sharing cycling, shopping, taking a taxi, flash shopping and community group buying business based on the optimization of the US delegation.

Meituan said, "The community e-commerce business Meituan Optimization is still the most important investment area of the company this quarter." However, this part of the business is also the bulk of the loss of the US Mission.

In the second quarter, Meituan’s new business and other sectors realized revenue of 12 billion yuan and operating loss of 9.2 billion yuan, an increase from the loss of 8 billion yuan in Q1. From January to June, the revenue from new business and other businesses was 21.9 billion yuan, with a loss of 17.3 billion yuan, which exceeded the whole year of 2020.

According to the financial report, the community group buying business has further expanded its geographical coverage, deepened its penetration into low-tier cities, and established cold chain logistics nationwide to ensure product quality and fresh product distribution.

At present, after a period of irrational competition and supervision and guidance, the "third group" represented by Xingsheng Youxuan, Shihui Group and Tongcheng Life began to shrink its front line. Giants like JD.COM also changed their attitude towards group buying, but Meituan did not give up the pace of expansion, and Wang Xing regarded it as a "once-in-a-decade opportunity".

At the analyst meeting, when answering the analyst’s question that "the growth rate of orders preferred by Meituan has slowed down", Wang Xing said that Meituan is very confident in the prospect of community e-commerce (community group buying). Despite the recent regulatory opinions and seasonal factors, Meituan has experienced some operational fluctuations, but the company will optimize its pricing strategy and build long-term capabilities.

What supports the new business "burning money" is the take-away and high-profit wine travel business that has produced economies of scale.

In the second quarter, Meituan’s food and beverage take-away income was 23.125 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 59%; The operating profit generated increased by 95.2% year-on-year to 2.447 billion yuan. The income from shops, hotels and tourism was 8.6 billion yuan, up 89.3% year-on-year; It generated an operating profit of 3.664 billion yuan.

With regard to the commission that has attracted much attention, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce suggested that the take-away platform reduce the commission at the two sessions. Meituan immediately launched a new commission model in May, which refined the commission into technical service fees and performance service fees, and adopted step-by-step charges.

According to the financial report, in the second quarter of this year, the commission income of Meituan’s catering take-out was 20.36 billion yuan, and the number of completed orders was 3.54 billion, with an average commission income of 575 yuan per order.

In the second quarter of 2020, the commission income of Meituan’s catering take-out was 12.72 billion yuan, and the number of completed orders was 2.23 billion, with an average commission income of 571 yuan per order, which means that the commission amount in the second quarter of this year was higher than that in the same period of last year, and the reform did not reduce the commission income of Meituan.

Increasing the commission leads to an increase in the company’s profit margin. Meituan revealed in the financial report that the operating profit of the food and beverage take-out division increased by 95.2% from RMB 1.3 billion in the second quarter of 2020 to RMB 2.4 billion in the same period of 2021, and the operating profit rate of this division increased by 2.0 percentage points from 8.6% year-on-year to 10.6%.

However, in the second quarter, the rider cost was 15.46 billion, which was little changed from the 15.38 billion in the first quarter. Obviously, the rider did not share the growth of the commission income of the US Mission.

This is somewhat embarrassing for Wang Xing, who advertises that "common prosperity" is rooted in the gene of Meituan.

It is worth noting that the food and beverage take-away business on which Meituan depends has ushered in new competitors. Recently, Tik Tok started the take-away business, and now has access to take-away brands that can deliver by themselves, such as KFC and Xicha. At the same time, Tik Tok also set up a team for take-away business, and in the internal test called "Heart Takeaway" business.

According to CBN, recently, a group of operators who were in charge of customers’ businesses in public comments switched to ByteDance to engage in commercialization-related businesses.

Ali has never given up the competition in the field of local life. On July 2, Alibaba announced a series of organizational upgrading decisions. Flying Pig and Gao De were merged into Ali’s local life, and Yu Yongfu became the CEO, which is considered to be a "hard" group for integrating resources.

In fact, the local life service market is a trillion-dollar track. According to the data released by iResearch, the current online penetration rate is only 12.7%. This huge cake is destined to be the long-term competition direction of Internet giants.

Or get a high ticket for antitrust investigation.

Compared with the performance, the market is more concerned about the progress of the anti-monopoly investigation of Meituan.

On April 26 this year, the General Administration of Market Supervision issued a notice, which will investigate the suspected monopolistic behavior of Meituan according to the report.

On the evening of August 30, the General Administration of Market Supervision said that under the administrative guidance of the General Administration of Market Supervision, eight shared consumer brand operating enterprises, namely Hello, Qingju, Meituan, Monster, Xiaodian, Jiaodian, Jiedian and Soudian, were actively rectified, and the price increase in the shared consumption sector was effectively curbed, and the price was gradually transparent and standardized.

Among them, more than 80,000 cabinets of Street Power were reduced in price, and thousands of cabinets of Small Power, Search Power, Monster and Meituan were reduced in price. At present, the average price of each brand is 2.2-3.3 yuan/hour, and cabinets with a price of 3 yuan or less per hour account for 69%-96%.

In the next step, the market supervision department will further strengthen the supervision in the field of shared consumption, requiring all enterprises to strictly review the internal compliance of price adjustment, and truthfully and timely publicize the pricing rules and standards.

In addition, the above-mentioned contents also mentioned that the General Administration of Market Supervision conducted an investigation into the failure of Meituan to declare its acquisition of mobike according to law. It is understood that in April, 2018, Meituan wholly acquired mobike at a price of 2.7 billion US dollars. After that, mobike’s founding team withdrew one after another, and mobike joined Meituan App and changed its name to Meituan Bicycle.

In the financial report, Meituan said that in April 2021, the State Administration of Markets launched relevant investigations on the Company in accordance with the Anti-Monopoly Law of the People’s Republic of China. As of the date of this report, the relevant investigation is still in progress, and the company actively cooperates with the investigation of the State Administration of Market Supervision.

According to the financial report, the company cannot predict the situation or results of relevant investigations at this stage, and may be required to change its business practices or be fined heavily.

Wang Xing expressed his views on a series of recent regulatory measures in anti-monopoly, data security and community e-commerce. He believes that these regulatory changes are meaningful for the sustained development and orderly growth of the Internet platform economy, and are also beneficial to promoting fair competition and development of the industry.

When some analysts asked about the impact of data security supervision on marketing advertising, Wang Xing said that the relevant supervision may have some impact on marketing advertising business, and the company is evaluating it.

If the punishment falls, how much will the US Mission be punished?

According to the anti-monopoly law, the fine amount is 1%-10% of the comprehensive turnover of the previous year, and the estimated fine range of Bank of Communications International Report is 4-12 billion yuan, accounting for 1-3% of the total transaction volume (GMV) of Meituan’s take-away business in 2018/19. Nomura said that if the fine is 4% of the previous year’s comprehensive turnover, Meituan may be fined 4.6 billion yuan.

This will seriously affect the future development of Meituan, whose new business is still in the investment period. According to incomplete statistics of public information, Radar Finance found that Meituan had lost two lawsuits about unfair competition.

In February this year, the judgment issued by the Intermediate People’s Court of Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province showed that the unfair competition behavior of Jinhua Branch (Meituan) of Beijing Sankuai Technology Co., Ltd. damaged the legitimate rights and interests of ladas Company (Hungry) and should bear civil liability. The court gave full support to the hungry petition asking the US Mission to compensate for the economic loss of 1 million yuan.

In April, Meituan was again judged by the Intermediate People’s Court of Huai ‘an City, Jiangsu Province to compensate for the economic loss of 352,000 yuan, because Meituan had obvious unfair competition.

In response to supervision, Wang Xing stressed that the company will continue to strengthen compliance operations, improve the management and control of internal businesses, thoroughly examine and actively rectify related issues, and reduce operational risks.

Business model faces the impact of employment security

The problem facing Wang Xing is not only anti-monopoly, but also the protection of riders’ rights and interests has attracted the attention of relevant departments.

According to media reports, in May this year, when the government inspection team members were stationed in the Meituan, they consulted the inside of the Meituan on the remuneration of riders. According to the insiders of the company, the Meituan had 4.7 million riders, and most of them were dispatched by labor.

In view of the continuous influx of young and middle-aged people into the take-away industry, but they are outside the social security system, have no labor relations with the platform, and face the status quo of "the strictest algorithm" assessment, the rights and interests of take-away workers are increasingly concerned by the society.

Since July this year, a number of competent departments have jointly issued a series of guidance documents, which put forward all-round requirements for protecting the legitimate rights and interests of take-away food delivery personnel.

Specifically, there are three points that may affect the US delegation: ensuring that the rider’s salary is higher than the local legal minimum wage; Providing social security for full-time riders and industrial injury insurance for part-time riders; We should pay attention to the physical and mental health of workers, optimize the platform algorithm, and must not formulate assessment indicators that harm the safety and health of workers.

In the social security part, the document points out that it is necessary to urge the platform and third-party cooperative units to participate in social insurance for take-away food delivery personnel who establish labor relations, and encourage other take-away food delivery personnel to participate in social insurance.

It is learned from some take-away riders that at present, the take-away agents of Meituan need to bear commercial insurance by themselves, and the commercial insurance paid by Meituan is deducted from their commission every month. The Beijing area is around 150 yuan every month, and some second-and third-tier cities are lower than this amount.

According to the regulatory guidelines, this part will be paid by Meituan. According to the daily level of 3 yuan in second-and third-tier cities, the annual expenditure of this Meituan is about 5.1 billion yuan.

Tiger Securities believes that among the above-mentioned 4.7 million riders, assuming that the proportion of riders who confirm labor relations is 20%-30%, the average income of riders who sell out is about 6,000 yuan, and the median of the minimum social security base in different cities is about 3,000 yuan. Based on the current social security policy, the enterprise payment ratio is 32%. It is estimated that Meituan will pay 2.3-3.4 billion yuan more in social security fees every year.

Citic Securities commented that it is impossible to accurately quantify the impact of the supervision on the platform, such as rider social security and rights protection. However, logically, it is judged that the regulatory authorities did not intend to overthrow and subvert the existing business model of take-away, nor did they explicitly restrict its commercialization liquidity. Instead, they shifted the focus of the platform from simple efficiency improvement to rational distribution of income, and put forward higher standards and requirements for the stability and humanization of the ecology behind the entire platform.

Analysts believe that once the take-away platform pays insurance for large-scale riders, it means that its operating costs will increase, which will also have an impact on the business model of Meituan.

In terms of improving the welfare of take-away riders, Wang Xing introduced that Meituan will cooperate with the supervision to provide comprehensive welfare plans for take-away riders, and will upgrade the order delivery system and adjust the order system according to policy guidance to introduce compulsory rest for take-away riders.

The latest market value of Meituan, which is facing multiple difficulties, has evaporated by more than one trillion Hong Kong dollars compared with the high point of the year.

For the future trend of the US Mission, several institutions lowered their target prices. For example, UBS lowered its price by 6% to HK$ 330, Morgan Stanley lowered its price by 17% to HK$ 300, and Credit Suisse lowered its price from HK$ 374 a few days ago to HK$ 308, a decrease of 18%.

Note: This article is original by Radar Finance (ID: leidacj). Unauthorized reproduction is prohibited.

　　To adhere to the guidance of Marxism in the field of philosophy and social sciences, the core is to solve the problem of why people are. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the symposium on the work of philosophy and social sciences that if China’s philosophy and social sciences want to make a difference, it must adhere to the people-centered research orientation. Without the people, philosophy and social sciences will not be attractive, infectious, influential and vital. The vast number of philosophical and social scientists in China should adhere to the view that the people are the creators of history, establish the ideal of learning for the people, respect the people’s dominant position, focus on people’s practical creation, consciously link personal academic pursuit with the development of the country and the nation, and strive to produce more research results that can stand the test of practice, people and history.

　　Adhering to the people-centered principle is the fundamental value of philosophy and social sciences.

　　Philosophy and social science takes the existence and development of human beings and society as the research object and content, so it is both "human" and "human". From the connotation point of view, society is made up of people, with people’s activities as its content, and the main body of social history is concrete and historical people. Therefore, the existing conditions of human beings, including health, civilization, cultural and technical level, and conceptual state, are the research contents of philosophy and social science; The essence of social development is the process of continuous improvement of human beings and their modes of existence (including modes of production and lifestyles), the overall evolution and progress of economy, politics, culture and society, and the pursuit of their reasonable ideal forms by people in different historical periods. Therefore, human beings are the basic elements and power sources for social existence and development. In essence, human activities take social practice as the essence, while social practice is a material activity on the one hand, and a dynamic activity on the other. This initiative is the concentrated expression of human rational spirit, and it is the basis for the existence of self-sustaining content of social development. "History is just the activity of people who pursue their own goals." Therefore, social and historical development is essentially "human". It can be seen that social development is both "human" and "human", which makes human beings get rid of the blindness of existence and development and transition to freedom.Make the development history of human society become the history of conscious activities.

　　Philosophy and social sciences have the functions of reflecting social existence, maintaining or criticizing reality, regulating social and human activities and innovation, and the value orientation of these functions is social development and human progress. Therefore, adhering to the people-centered principle is the fundamental value of philosophy and social sciences.

　　Philosophy and social sciences reflect the cognitive function of social existence, which makes human beings as social beings truly become conscious and active subjects; The function of philosophy and social science in maintaining or criticizing reality is to maintain the social, economic and political forms that are unified with the nature of human progress, and otherwise to criticize; The adjustment and control function of philosophy and social science means that people must constantly revise and improve their activity plans and activities according to the actual situation, so that human beings can stably grasp and control their own activities and March according to reasonable plans, scientific methods and correct goals; The innovative function of philosophy and social science means that it can transcend the limitations of social reality and create new ideas, and then change social reality, create new social state and promote human progress under the guidance of new ideas. It contains huge spiritual positive energy and directly affects the current situation and future state of human society.

　　坚持以人民为中心是历史唯物主义的根本原则

　　马克思主义是广大劳动者、人民群众的学说，群众路线是马克思主义的基本观点，以人民为中心、坚持人民主体地位是马克思主义的内在要求。一个半多世纪前，马克思、恩格斯在批判鲍威尔、施蒂纳等人唯心的历史动力论和个人创造历史的错误观点中，揭示出人民主体的科学内涵及其实现途径，创立了人民主体观。

　　历史唯物主义的基本观点有两条，一是物质资料的生产是人类社会赖以生存和发展的基础，二是人民群众是历史的创造者，是历史发展和社会变革的决定力量，前者从生产力和生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑的辩证关系，考察了人类社会的发展进程，揭示了人民群众在社会历史发展中的主体地位，后者揭示了推动社会历史发展的决定因素，指明了人民群众是推动社会不断发展、不断改革、不断完善的根本动力。历史唯物主义的这个基本原理告诉我们，以人民为中心是社会存在和发展的客观要求和根本原则。

　　坚持以人民为中心是马克思主义中国化的基本路径

　　近一个世纪以来，中国共产党人将马克思主义的人民主体观与中国革命、建设、改革的实际相结合，孜孜追求国家的独立富强和人民的自由解放、生活幸福。

　　?

　　Persisting in taking the people as the center is the historical responsibility of the vast number of philosophical and social scientists.

　　Philosophy and social science workers should establish the concept of learning for the people. Our party is a party that serves the people wholeheartedly, and our country is a country where the people are the masters of the country. The starting point and end result of all the work of the party and the country is to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. In order to make a difference in China’s philosophy and social sciences, we must adhere to the people-centered research orientation. Without the people, philosophy and social sciences will not be attractive, infectious, influential and vital. The vast number of philosophical and social scientists should consciously link their personal academic pursuit with the development of the country and the nation, and strive to produce more research results that can stand the test of practice, people and history; We should put social responsibility in the first place, take the social effects of academic research seriously, be the pursuer and disseminator of truth, goodness and beauty, win respect with profound knowledge, lead the atmosphere with noble personality charm, and achieve self and value in making a statement for the motherland and the people.

　　Philosophy and social science workers should earnestly study and answer the issues of the times that the people are generally concerned about. Contemporary China is experiencing the most extensive and profound social changes in the history of our country. This unprecedented great practice will certainly provide powerful impetus and broad space for theoretical creation and academic prosperity. The vast number of philosophical and social science workers should carry forward the excellent traditional cultural spirit of "making a heart for heaven and earth, making a life for the people, inheriting the past and learning from the past, and opening up peace for all generations", set the tide of the times, communicate the changes of ancient and modern times, and make the first sound of ideas, and actively make comments and suggestions for the party and the people. Only by listening to the voice of the times, responding to the call of the times, caring for the people’s feelings, and seriously studying and solving the major and urgent problems that the people are generally concerned about, can we truly grasp the historical context, find the law of development, and promote theoretical innovation; Only in this way can we really study and answer the major theoretical and practical problems faced by China’s development and our party’s governance, and put forward the correct ideas and effective methods to solve the problems; Only in this way can we truly distinguish between essence and phenomenon, mainstream and tributary, and put forward objective, accurate and testable views and conclusions; Only in this way can we truly not forget the original, absorb foreign countries and face the future, not only deeply study major issues related to the national economy and people’s livelihood, but also actively explore major issues related to the future and destiny of mankind, and scientifically reveal the great logic and trend of the development of the times.

　　The leadership and management departments of philosophy and social sciences should strengthen the construction of social science talents. To construct philosophy and social sciences with China characteristics, we should start with people and make contributions for a long time. We should take good care of, cultivate and use the five armies of philosophy and social sciences, focus on discovering, cultivating and gathering a group of thinkers, theorists, academic leaders and young and middle-aged academic backbones, and build a talent system of philosophy and social sciences with complete categories and echelon connection; We should conscientiously implement the party’s intellectual policy, respect labor, knowledge, talents and creativity, and achieve full political trust, active ideological guidance, create conditions at work, care for them in life, and do more practical things, do good deeds and solve difficult problems for them; We should respect the hard work and research achievements of philosophy and social science workers, take the initiative to deal with experts and scholars, make friends, and often listen to their opinions and suggestions; It is necessary to let talents with both ability and political integrity play a role in important posts, form a good incentive mechanism for cultivating talents in philosophy and social sciences, and promote the continuous growth of outstanding talents.

　　In short, adhering to the people-centered research orientation is the inherent requirement of the development of philosophy and social sciences, the soul and direction of upholding and developing Marxism, and the historical responsibility and working principle of the prosperity and development of China’s philosophy and social sciences under the new situation. We must not be afraid of hardships, work hard, care for the public and watch for the people, and jointly promote the prosperity and development of philosophy and social sciences with China characteristics.

　　(Author: Chen Huaxing, chief expert of Zhejiang Gongshang University Base, theoretical system research center of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, Zhejiang Province, dean of Marxism College of Zhejiang Gongshang University)

　　Why does the Millennium context continue? Brilliant civilization, how to glow with glory?

　　Looking back at history, the ancient wind blows across the land of China and the mountains and rivers of Wan Li, and the great pen of history engraves the answer of the times "Why China".

　　On a new journey, the road is like a rock. In the first year of fully implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the theme of "culture" runs through the investigation footprint of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. Standing at the strategic height of the sustainable inheritance of the Chinese nation and Chinese civilization, the General Secretary guides us to draw the strength of cultural self-confidence from inheritance and development.

　　Seeking the roots of civilization

　　Enlighten the future with history as a mirror in the historical coordinate.

　　Culture connects a nation’s past, present and future.

　　"Sleeping for thousands of years, waking up is shocking." Sanxingdui Site, located in Deyang City, Sichuan Province, represents the face and development level of ancient Shu civilization thousands of years ago. It is the largest, longest-lasting and most abundant unearthed cultural relics in southwest China so far.

　　"This job is not easy! Carry forward the spirit of slow work and fine work, take your time and work hard for a long time. "

　　On July 26th, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the new Sanxingdui Museum to visit the exhibitions such as "Dreaming of the Century", "King of the World" and "Heaven, Earth, Man and God" to learn about the excavation process of Sanxingdui site and the achievements of ancient Shu civilization.

　　More than 1,500 pieces (sets) of various cultural relics, such as pottery, bronzes, jade and stone tools, goldware and ivory (including ivory carvings), are exhibited in the new museum, of which nearly 600 pieces are exhibited for the first time. A piece of cultural relics is magnificent and dazzling in the magnificent Milky Way of Chinese civilization.

　　"Chinese civilization has outstanding continuity" — — On June 2nd, in the forum on cultural inheritance and development, the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out five outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization in his important speech, and the first one was "continuity".

　　Before the symposium, the general secretary specially inspected two cultural landmarks — — China National Edition Museum and China Historical Research Institute have been thinking all the way, thinking about "continuity" throughout.

　　Come to the Central General Pavilion of China National Edition Pavilion, visit the National Study, the Exhibition of Ancient Chinese Civilization Edition, the Exhibition of China Contemporary Publishing Boutiques and Featured Edition, carefully examine the exhibition of Marxist China-style classic edition, and visit the library exhibitions of "Combination of Chinese, Tibetan, Mongolian and Manchu Tibetan Tripitaka" and "Combination of Sikuquanshu"; Walk into the China Historical Research Institute, visit the special exhibition on the origin of civilization and Zhai Zi China, learn about the major archaeological discoveries in the Neolithic Age and the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and look at some precious ancient books and documents … … General Secretary Nianzi is here to explore the roots of civilization and do a good job in the protection of cultural relics.

　　"What I care about most is the most precious thing left by Chinese civilization through vicissitudes. Our culture continues to flow and then pass on, and these treasures left behind must be taken care of and cherished by all means. " Concerned about the construction of the China National Edition Pavilion, the general secretary earnestly entrusted: "Please!"

　　Detect a touch of ashes and get a glimpse of textile processing more than 3,000 years ago; AI technology is put together and restored, and the bronzes in different sacrificial pits can be restored to integrity; Multifunctional archaeological work chamber, ultra-depth microscopic analysis, 3D model, X-ray fluorescence spectrum … … In recent years, various disciplines and scientific and technological means have continuously contributed to archaeological research, providing strong support for the exploration and protection of civilization.

　　Nowadays, the major projects of "Archaeological China", such as the Chinese civilization tracing project, the Xia culture and the civilization process in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, have been promoted as a whole, and the national edition museum has been put into operation, and the research and interpretation of the origin of Chinese civilization have been deepened continuously.

　　Know what you have never done, and you will know where you are going.

　　Looking back at the historical coordinates and looking forward to the journey of the avenue, the general secretary marked a new direction — — Chinese-style modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern strength, and Chinese civilization endows Chinese-style modernization with profound connotation. Chinese-style modernization is the new life of the old country of the Chinese nation and will surely promote the rejuvenation of Chinese civilization.

　　Tracing back to the source contains the power of civilization of "Why China".

　　preservation of cultural relics

　　Activate, protect and inherit forever on the axis of culture

　　A Gusu city, half a Jiangnan poem.

　　Strolling along Pingjiang Road, the lanes are criss-crossing, the waterways are criss-crossing, and the old and the modern collide here.

　　Located in the northeast corner of Suzhou ancient city, Jiangsu Province, Pingjiang historical and cultural block has a history of more than 2,500 years. On July 6th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came here to inspect, listen to the report on the protection of Suzhou ancient city and the protection, repair and utilization of Pingjiang historical and cultural blocks in detail, walk to see the style of ancient streets, watch the production of Suzhou embroidery and experience the printing of New Year pictures.

　　A picture of Pingjiang clearly shows the plane outline and street layout of ancient Suzhou. There are 3 national key cultural relics protection units, 2 provincial cultural relics protection units, 14 municipal cultural relics protection units, 44 controlled and protected buildings and 202 cultural relics registration points.

　　Repair cultural relics, dredge rivers, renovate residents’ courtyards, activate protection, and make the city reappear in the fireworks world. Today’s ancient city is basically the same as that in Pingjiang Map, as if we can get a glimpse of the bustling scene of Suzhou in the Song Dynasty.

　　"Suzhou has done a good job in combining tradition and modernity. It not only has historical and cultural heritage, but also has high-tech innovation and high-quality development, representing the future development direction." The general secretary said this.

　　Develop in protection and find the "combination point" between ancient and modern times — — Take the repair method of "repairing the old as it is, preserving its truth", and formulate the Protection and Renovation Plan of Pingjiang Historic District and the Protection and Renovation Plan of Pingjiang Road Street View, etc., and make in-depth investigation and careful records of houses, bridges and other historical sites in the local area to promote the protection of the street style and environmental governance.

　　Protect in development and find the "balance point" of people’s livelihood — — "A plaque, a bucket, a well, a line", a series of transformation measures gradually improve the pragmatic livelihood issues such as water leakage and humidity, water and electricity consumption in the ancient city.

　　In Zhengding, Hebei Province, it is proposed that culture should promote the county and tourism should promote the county. In Zhejiang, investigate the Liangzhu site and pay attention to the "application for heritage" of the ancient city; In Fuzhou, Fujian Province, promote the formulation of protection and management regulations and protection planning for Fuzhou historical and cultural city … … The protection of cultural relics and historic sites is a consistent focus.

　　Visiting the ancient city again and again and touching the history again and again, the "cultural footprint" of the General Secretary is all over China.

　　In May this year, on the way to Shaanxi, the General Secretary visited the Yuncheng Museum in Shanxi. He once again stressed that it is necessary to conscientiously implement the work requirements of the CPC Central Committee on upholding protection first, strengthening management, tapping value, effectively utilizing and making cultural relics alive, and comprehensively improve the level of cultural relics protection and utilization and cultural heritage protection and inheritance.

　　In recent years, many measures, such as planning and protection, inheritance and utilization, supervision and management, have provided guidance for the protection of the cultural heritage of the ancient city and brought new formats and vitality to the city.

　　"Avoid ‘ A thousand cities and ten thousand buildings look alike ’ " "Let the residents see the mountains, the water and remember their homesickness" … … Along the direction of the general secretary, Zhengding ancient city reappears the style of the northern male town, Liangzhu ancient city site is selected into the World Heritage List, Beijing Hutong engraves the memory of the ancient capital, and the construction of the national cultural park is solidly promoted, and the historical context is constantly integrated and combined with modern life.

　　Years have passed, and one piece of cultural relics and historical sites has connected the memory of Chinese culture.

　　Cultural relics protection contains the inheritance power of "Why China".

　　Cultural inheritance

　　On the road of development, innovation and integration escort

　　Embroider beautiful rivers and mountains with needle and thread as pen and ink.

　　As one of the representatives of Chinese embroidery art, Suzhou embroidery has a long history of more than 2,000 years, and was selected into the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006.

　　In Jiangsu, the general secretary watched the production of Suzhou embroidery, and his heart was attached to cultural inheritance. "The excellent traditional Chinese culture has been passed down from generation to generation, and its toughness, patience and determination are part of the spirit of the Chinese nation." The general secretary said with emotion.

　　In Shaanxi, the general secretary praised Hanzhong rattan and paid attention to industrial development. "Hanzhong rattan and other intangible cultural heritages have long enjoyed a good reputation. It is necessary to develop and expand characteristic industries and better drive the people to increase their income and get rich."

　　In today’s China, intangible cultural heritage projects show the world the cultural charm of the ancient oriental civilization and an enduring and youthful image of China in the unique language of Chinese culture.

　　Rule of law escort — — In recent years, a series of policy plans have been issued intensively, and the legal and regulatory system for cultural heritage protection has been continuously improved. In the legislative work plan for 2023 published by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), it is listed to amend the law on the protection of cultural relics. Ten provinces, including Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shanghai, Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong, Chongqing and Shaanxi, have issued local laws and regulations on revolutionary cultural relics, underground cultural relics, social cultural relics and cultural heritage.

　　Institutional guarantee — — For the first time, Opinions on Implementing the Inheritance and Development Project of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture, and Opinions on Further Strengthening the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, elaborated the inheritance and development of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture in the form of a central document, and improved the representative inheritor system … … … … With the continuous improvement of the "four beams and eight pillars" of cultural heritage protection, it provides guarantee for the inheritance of culture.

　　Industrial integration — — The digital exhibition "A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" is very popular, and "Only this Green" brings an audio-visual feast, and Tongben Ma Wen has become popular … … Nowadays, many intangible cultural heritages are deeply branded and intelligent, and Industry-University-Research integrates and extends the value chain, and constantly carries out the practice of creative transformation and innovative development. "Chinese Romance" attracts the world’s attention.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, eight cultural heritages have been listed in the World Heritage List, and the protection of cultural heritages has reached a new level. At present, there are more than 100,000 non-legacy representative projects at all levels, including 1,557 national non-legacy representative projects.

　　"Chinese civilization has outstanding innovation, which fundamentally determines the enterprising spirit of the Chinese nation, respecting the past and not retro, and determines the fearless character of the Chinese nation that is not afraid of new challenges and dares to accept new things." The general secretary said.

　　In the inheritance of cultural skills, intangible cultural heritage resonates with the times at the same frequency and constantly innovates and develops. Generations of inheritors have been singing string songs endlessly, which makes traditional skills glow with new vitality.

　　At the opening ceremony of Chengdu Universiade, the "God Bird of the Sun" rose in the air, symbolizing the symbol of chinese heritage and igniting this summer.

　　The rapid development of culture and the rise of great powers confirm the "combination" emphasized by the general secretary — — It is the only way to open up and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics on the profound foundation of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years, and to combine the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture.

　　Innovation and integration contain the power of the times of "Why China".

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 25th 　Question: How to prevent norovirus infection and influenza? What conditions do you need to see a doctor? — — Experts answer hot issues of infectious disease prevention and control in spring.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Gu Tiancheng and Dong Ruifeng

　　At the time of communication in winter and spring, the school season is also ushered in all parts of the country. Recently, some children with vomiting and diarrhea were diagnosed as Norovirus infection. At the same time, the results of influenza surveillance in local disease control institutions show that the current level of influenza virus activity in China has increased, mainly influenza A.

　　What is norovirus infection and influenza, and how to prevent it? What conditions do you need to see a doctor? On the 25th, the National Health and Wellness Commission organized an authoritative expert, Wang Guiqiang, director of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the First Hospital of Peking University, to answer the public’s hot issues about the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in spring.

　　1. Q: What is Norovirus? What are the symptoms after infection?

　　Wang Guiqiang: Norovirus belongs to the calicivirus family. After infection, the main symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea, which is an infectious disease of digestive tract. The source of infection is mainly from the mouth, but also through aerosol and close contact, such as primary school and kindergarten children holding and touching each other.

　　From the clinical manifestations, the symptoms are mild and severe, most of which are vomiting and diarrhea, while others lead to severe vomiting and diarrhea, and some serious cases may have systemic symptoms such as fever. Vomiting and diarrhea can cause a lot of electrolyte water loss in human body. Therefore, after being infected with Norovirus, it is necessary to fully rehydrate, pay attention to rest, and take sugar salt water or use rehydration salt in time.

　　2. Q: What do you need to see a doctor after being infected with Norovirus? How to prevent it?

　　Wang Guiqiang: If young children and the elderly are infected with Norovirus and show weakness, apathy, dry mouth and dry eyes, these conditions may be hypotension. We should measure blood pressure in time, go to the hospital in time, and give corresponding rehydration in the hospital.

　　If you dispose of it at home, you must pay attention to drinking light salt water or sugar salt water, because norovirus infection mainly leads to diarrhea and vomiting, which leads to the loss of a lot of electrolytes and water in the human body, which may have serious consequences. Some serious cases, such as elderly patients with basic diseases, may induce shock and other manifestations, so we should pay special attention to elderly patients with basic diseases.

　　Norovirus is mainly transmitted through the digestive tract. The first thing to do well in prevention is to manage the hygiene of food and water sources safely. The second thing is to do well in hand hygiene and wash your hands before meals. In places where children’s care institutions, primary schools and other people gather, once an epidemic situation occurs, it is necessary to immediately check whether food and water sources are polluted, and key areas such as canteens must be carefully inspected and sterilized to avoid further spread.

　　3. Q: What is the flu? What’s the difference with the common cold?

　　Wang Guiqiang: Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus. The actual difference between influenza and common cold is mainly in the degree of illness and pathogen.

　　First, the etiology of the pathogen is different. There are many pathogens that can cause cold-like symptoms, and influenza is caused by influenza virus. At present, influenza A virus is more prevalent.

　　Second, flu symptoms are more serious than the common cold. Influenza can lead to persistent high fever, aching muscles and joints all over the body, and severe pneumonia. At the same time, influenza has the risk of aggravating the basic diseases of the elderly, and some patients may have secondary infections, such as upper respiratory tract infection, tracheitis and secondary bacterial infections. The general symptoms of the common cold are mild.

　　Third, in terms of treatment, influenza has specific drugs, and it is suggested that the sooner antiviral drugs are involved, the better. Although influenza is a self-limited disease, early use of drugs can shorten the course of disease, relieve symptoms and reduce the risk of severe illness. The common cold can generally be treated with symptomatic treatment. Drink plenty of water and pay attention to rest. There is no specific medicine.

　　Fourth, from the perspective of prognosis and complications, influenza is relatively harmful, and some individuals may cause the risk of hospitalization or even death.

　　4. Q: What symptoms do you need to see a doctor when you have the flu? How to prevent it?

　　Wang Guiqiang: From the point of flu treatment, generally speaking, symptomatic support treatment is the main treatment. If there is persistent high fever, shortness of breath and aggravation of basic diseases, you should go to the hospital in time. Especially for the elderly with basic diseases, it is suggested that they should go to the hospital in time when they have symptoms of fever, cough, headache and fatigue. If they are diagnosed with influenza, they should use antiviral drugs as soon as possible to avoid further deterioration of the disease, which will lead to the aggravation of the basic diseases. At the same time, it is recommended to carry out influenza vaccination every autumn.

　　Influenza is a respiratory infectious disease, and the prevention of respiratory infectious diseases is similar. Some measures to prevent Covid-19 infection are also measures to prevent influenza, and also help to reduce the risk of norovirus infection. Frequent ventilation, wearing a mask and good hand hygiene are all effective means to prevent influenza. In winter and spring, it is recommended that you wear masks in places where people gather or in closed spaces. Frequent hand washing, frequent ventilation and keeping social distance are effective in preventing all respiratory infectious diseases.