Cctv newsOn August 20th, News Network and other columns reported that China’s high-level opening to the outside world was progressing steadily and international economic and trade cooperation was fruitful.

Shanghai Lingang New Area has initially formed an institutional open system.

Lingang New Area of China Pilot Free Trade Zone celebrated its fifth anniversary on August 20th. In the past five years, Lingang New Area has adhered to the international economic and trade rules on elevation standards,The institutional opening system of "five freedoms and one convenience" was initially established.

On August 20th, 44 key projects in Lingang New Area started. In the past five years, the investment in fixed assets of the whole society in Lingang New Area has grown at an average annual rate of over 30%.

In the past five years, Lingang New Area has adhered to the core of system innovation, and accelerated its bold exploration in the areas of investment freedom, trade freedom, capital freedom, transportation freedom, personnel employment freedom and fast information communication. Up to now, there have been 138 cases of breakthrough institutional innovation in Lingang New Area, of which 70 are the first in China. The regional GDP grew at an average annual rate of 19.8%, the actual amount of foreign direct investment increased at an average annual rate of 45.3%, and the import and export volume increased at an average annual rate of 37.5%. The reform and innovation tasks specified in the Master Plan of Lingang New Area of China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone have been basically completed, and more than 330 policies have been issued.

Ministry of Commerce of China: The trade volume between China and Africa reached US$ 282.1 billion in 2023.

The 2024 China-Africa Cooperation Forum Summit will be held in Beijing from September 4th to 6th. At the press conference of the State Council Information Office on August 20th, the relevant person in charge introduced that in recent years, the scale of China-Africa trade has hit record highs. In 2023, the trade volume between China and Africa reached US$ 282.1 billion, an increase of nearly 11% compared with that in 2021, setting a new historical peak for the second consecutive year.

According to the relevant person in charge, as the first three-year plan of China-Africa Cooperation Vision 2035, China and Africa have jointly implemented the "Nine Projects" since 2021. At present, all the aid and development cooperation projects to Africa under the "Nine Projects" have been implemented, and China-Africa investment cooperation has grown steadily.

Tang Wenhong, Assistant Minister of Commerce of China, said that by the end of 2023, China’s stock of direct investment in Africa exceeded 40 billion US dollars, making it one of the most important sources of foreign investment in Africa. In the past three years, enterprises in China have created more than 1.1 million local jobs, and made important contributions to increasing local tax revenue and earning foreign exchange through export.

According to the relevant person in charge, financial institutions and enterprises in China adhere to market principles and international rules to carry out investment and financing cooperation with Africa, fully respect the wishes of African countries and consider their actual needs. China has never attached any political conditions, so it is widely welcomed by Africa.

Shen Xiang, director of the west asia and africa Department of the Ministry of Commerce of China, said that the China government has always adhered to the true concept of sincerity and the correct concept of justice and interests to carry out cooperation with Africa, and actively helped Africa alleviate the debt repayment pressure through multilateral and bilateral channels. Under the multilateral framework of the G-20 Debt Relief Initiative, China has actively participated in the handling of individual debts of Zambia and other countries, and played an active role in the Debt Committee, which has facilitated countries to reach debt relief plans.

Xu Dandan, a CCTV reporter from the General Station, said that the relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Commerce of China introduced that China has maintained its position as Africa’s largest trading partner for 15 consecutive years, and a number of infrastructure and manufacturing projects have achieved results one by one. China also sent more than 500 agricultural experts to Africa and trained nearly 9,000 agricultural talents, which strongly supported the process of agricultural modernization in Africa. It is expected that this summit will better realize China-Africa development linkage and achievement sharing.

General Administration of Customs: In the first seven months of this year, the scale of China-Vietnam foreign trade increased by over 20%.

The General Administration of Customs recently announced that in the first seven months of this year, China imported and exported 1.03 trillion yuan to Vietnam, a year-on-year increase of 24.1%. Among them, exports were 647.8 billion yuan, up by 25.5%; Imports reached 382.9 billion yuan, up by 21.7%.

"Chongqing-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Map Scheduled Train" was successfully launched.

On the morning of August 20th, the first "Chongqing-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Map Scheduled Train" was successfully launched.

The first scheduled train of Chongqing-Shenzhen-Hong Kong is loaded with auto parts, electronic products and other goods. It will arrive in Yantian Port Area of Shenzhen within 2 days, then transfer to Kwai Tsing Port Area of Hong Kong, put on an international liner and send it to Europe, Japan and Southeast Asia.

The opening and operation of "Chongqing-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Map Scheduled Train" has added another new channel for the goods in Chengdu-Chongqing area to go to sea, and the economic circle of the twin cities in Chengdu-Chongqing area has a new connection with Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.

The spring sun is just right,Might as well exercise more!

Lack of exercise,Can lead to endocrine disorders.endorphinDecreased secretion (with analgesic and relaxing effects),Cortisol(related to anxiety) increased secretion.Sedentary causes poor blood circulation.In turn, the brain is deprived of oxygen, which damages brain function and causes muscle soreness and stiffness in the neck, shoulders and waist.Lack of outdoor light,SerotoninThe level of neurotransmitter (responsible for regulating emotions) decreases, which induces depression and anxiety; daymelatoninSecretion can not be effectively inhibited, making people feel sleepy, while melatonin secretion is insufficient at night, which can not induce sleep normally.

　　The prehistoric creatures

　　Intern reporter Dai Xiaopei

　　In the evolutionary history of dinosaurs, one of the biggest mysteries is: Are there aquatic dinosaurs? Although we know that ichthyosaurs, plesiosaurs and canglong all live in water, according to their position on the evolutionary tree, they are not strictly dinosaurs, but only close relatives of dinosaurs. So why are aquatic dinosaurs so rare?

　　Spinosaurus is an atypical aquatic dinosaur?

　　In fact, among the dinosaur fossils found, there are not dinosaurs that did not live in water at all.

　　In 1912, people discovered a kind of theropod dinosaur in Egypt — — Fossils of Spinosaurus, which lived in the Cretaceous period from about 110 million to 93.5 million years ago.

　　According to the early data released by scientists, Spinosaurus was 12.6 to 18 meters long and weighed 7 to 20.9 tons. In recent years, more complete specimens support early research, and scientists found that Spinosaurus could grow to a length of 15 to 15.6 meters. However, the latest data estimate that its weight is 6.4 tons to 7.2 tons. Unlike most dinosaurs, Spinosaurus had some unique spines on its back, forming a sail-like structure. According to public information, the spines on the back of Spinosaurus were at least 1.65 meters long. The spine of Spinosaurus is an extension of its vertebrae, which researchers believe can help Spinosaurus regulate its body temperature or show its unique charm.

　　"After comparing Spinosaurus with crocodiles, people think that Spinosaurus may be aquatic." Xu Xing, a paleontologist at the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology of China Academy of Sciences, told the Science and Technology Daily reporter that according to the skull shape of Spinosaurus, it was found that the skull of Spinosaurus was long and narrow, similar to that of modern crocodiles. Specifically, the mouth is slender, and the direction and size of teeth help it catch fish and fix its prey in the mouth.

　　In addition, by analyzing the fossils of individual Spinosaurus, some scientists found that there were fish scale residues in the stomach contents of Spinosaurus. "This shows that Spinosaurus ate creatures in the water, and it can be speculated that Spinosaurus may live on the shore or in the water." Xu Xing said that another evidence that Spinosaurus lived in water is that studies have found that the isotopic composition of Spinosaurus bones is close to that of aquatic animals.

　　However, Xu Xing stressed that there is no very conclusive evidence that Spinosaurus must have lived in water. "Because Spinosaurus didn’t have a fin-like structure like aquatic animals such as sea lions or seals. This shows that Spinosaurus cannot live completely in water and is not a typical aquatic animal. " He said that according to the existing findings, it is not easy to judge whether Spinosaurus lived in the water or on the shore for a long time.

　　"According to the teeth and skull of Spinosaurus, people think that Spinosaurus mainly lived by eating fish, but Spinosaurus is just a kind of dinosaur with a special feeding habit, and generally speaking, Spinosaurus just goes into the water to prey and then returns to land life. Therefore, we cannot put forward ‘ Aquatic dinosaur ’ The concept. " Xing Lida, an associate professor at China Geo University, said.

　　Dinosaurs were aquatic animals?

　　Some scientists believe that dinosaurs were originally aquatic animals. This statement stems from a puzzle: how did the slender legs of dinosaurs support its huge body? Brian Ford, a cell biologist at Cambridge University in England, tried to explain that dinosaurs mainly lived in water and supported their bodies by buoyancy. He said that dinosaurs swam in the lake most of the time, and their tails provided assistance, and their footprints were printed into the mud.

　　According to Ford, it can explain why archaeologists often dig dinosaur footprints, but there are few traces of dinosaur tails. Compared with modern large animals such as elephants and rhinoceroses, dinosaurs had small legs but fat tails.

　　"It makes sense to think that dinosaurs lived in water." Ford said, "dinosaurs used water to support their weight, float their tails, regulate their body temperature and get food."

　　However, Paul Barrett, a paleontologist at the Natural History Museum in London, believes that this statement makes no sense. He said that with the help of the principle of load-bearing structural engineering, researchers have proved that the strength of dinosaur leg muscles is enough to support its body to walk easily on land. Moreover, dinosaurs had difficulty breathing and walked slowly in the water. "They may live near water, and sometimes they go into the water to cool off, but I don’t accept the theory that they live in water." Paul said.

　　In 2007, scientists found traces of dinosaurs’ claws at the bottom of the water in the Carmelos basin in northeastern Spain, which became conclusive evidence that "dinosaurs could swim". In 2011, Chinese and American paleontologists found a group of strange footprints with only toe marks and no heels in Chicheng County, Hebei Province. Experts believe that this is the hard evidence of dinosaurs playing in the water — — Tracers leave scratches on the bottom of the lake after entering the water. As the depth of the lake increases, their feet can touch less and less water bottom, and their footprints gradually weaken, and their three toes can not be completely preserved.

　　Completely aquatic dinosaurs don’t exist?

　　Although there is evidence that some dinosaurs lived in water, Xing Lida still opposed the concept of "aquatic dinosaurs". “‘ Aquatic dinosaur ’ It is only a hypothesis put forward in recent years, but it is extremely easy to include Syngnathus, Canglong, plesiosaur, etc., confusing concepts. "

　　Xu Xing also told reporters: "According to the existing research, there are no pure water dinosaurs. Let’s just say that there is some evidence that dinosaurs lived in water for some time. The limbs of plesiosaurs, ichthyosaurs or sea lions and seals will undergo height changes to adapt to life completely in water, but there is no evidence that such dinosaurs exist at present. "

　　Strictly speaking, no real aquatic dinosaurs have been found. Xu Xing believes that there are two possibilities. First, dinosaurs did not give priority to occupy the water niche in the era when they lived. At that time, the water environment might be occupied by crocodiles and other aquatic animals. Second, there may be aquatic dinosaurs, but they have not become mainstream species, and the fossils of such dinosaurs have not been preserved or discovered.

　　"In recent years, with the deepening of field trips, people have discovered more and more strange dinosaurs. The current fossil record has not fully revealed the diversity of dinosaurs. " Xu Xing said that the original fossil record is deficient, some deficiencies may be remedied, and some deficiencies may exist forever.

　　What’s the point of studying dinosaurs and even arguing about whether dinosaurs were aquatic or terrestrial?

　　"First of all, it can prove some evolutionary phenomena. Species are always changing, such as from big to small, from land to air. Scientists hope to reveal the law of change. " Xu Xing said that the current ecosystem is called the world of birds and flowers, characterized by beautiful birds and flowering plants, and this ecosystem evolved from the Mesozoic ecosystem dominated by dinosaurs. We need a lot of data and fossil records to reveal this evolution process.

　　At the same time, scientists should also reveal which factors affect the evolution of life, such as genes or environment. "It is also important for human beings to understand their own lives to understand the laws of the evolution of all things." Xu Xing said.

　　Related links

　　This dinosaur can also swim and hunt in the water.

　　At the end of 2017, research teams from Italy and other countries discovered a new dinosaur fossil in the late Cretaceous strata of Mongolia, which was roughly waterfowl-like. This new dinosaur species was named Eichzka, commonly known as "duck dinosaur". "Duck Dinosaur" has a long and curved neck, and its forelimbs are fin-shaped. It can walk on land like a duck and swim with its forelimbs. They also have many tiny teeth suitable for eating fish. Another feature of "Duck Dinosaur" is that its beak and upper jaw have many small holes, which were once filled with nerve endings. This kind of mouth has a similar structure to the beaks of some waterfowl. This shows that "duck dinosaurs" may have preyed in the water or at the bottom of rivers and lakes.

On the first day of its release on July 26th, the box office quickly broke through 100 million yuan, breaking the first day box office record of domestic animated films maintained by Kung Fu Panda 3.

On the second day of its release, it broke 200 million yuan in a single day, breaking the box office record of Zootopia’s animated film in the history of the mainland.

The first week’s box office exceeded 424 million, breaking the first week’s box office record of animated films in the mainland film history maintained by "Daddy Thief 3".

In the four days after the release, the total box office exceeded 700 million, and the proportion of films was close to 50%. 270,000 Douban users scored 8.7 points.

Halfway through the summer vacation in 2019, the market finally ushered in the explosion of "dark horse", but no one expected that the most "explosive" movie this summer was actually an animated film-Ne Zha.

Audience’s Best Domestic 3D Animation

The story is subverted, the animation is well-made, Nezha is full of enthusiasm, his parents are emotional, and commercial films such as laughter, tears, and ignition have everything, and they don’t lose Hollywood blockbusters at all … When Ne Zha released the trailer, many netizens said that this Nezha was too ugly to accept, but after the film was released, many highlights of the film turned the Internet into a large-scale "real fragrance" scene.

"When I first saw the trailer, I thought the film should be very general, and the title of the film sounded like a rotten film. Later, I saw that the word-of-mouth was particularly good, with almost zero bad reviews. I felt very curious and went to see it quickly." Liu Chang, an audience who works in the animation industry, admitted that compared with several popular domestic animated films in recent years, the film gave him a sense of surprise. "The story is qualified, with no serious injury and comfortable rhythm. When it is funny, it is funny, and when it is time to promote the plot, it is not as procrastinating as The Return of the Great Sage to the Journey to the West and The Big Fish Begonia. The shaping of each character is full, unlike the ambiguous character in White Snake Origin. Ne Zha should be the best domestic three-dimensional animation so far. "

"The cinema keeps its eyes open for dark horses every day, and finally it has one." Zhang Miao, the manager of a cinema in Beijing, bluntly said that this film has become the only dark horse in this summer. "The film market in July this year was a bit messy. As many as a dozen films were withdrawn, postponed and upgraded. Although the previous Looking Up’s" The Lion King "and" Anti-drug 2: Heaven and Earth "achieved a certain box office, they still felt less, and there was no real explosion, just like not eating jiaozi in the New Year." Ne Zha is similar to Dying to Survive in marketing, spreading word of mouth through large-scale screening in the early stage. "This film has already revealed its dark horse temperament when it was screened. The box office, attendance rate and word of mouth are getting better day by day, so the proportion of film arrangement and box office on the first day of release is already in a dominant position." According to the cat’s eye forecast, the final box office of the film will reach 2.2 billion yuan, which will create a new record for the cartoon box office in the mainland.

Film critic Li Jing’s father’s love is the biggest tear.

Different from the image of Nezha full of tragic colors and rebellious spirit in Shanghai Animation Film Studio’s 1979 "Where is the Sea", one of Ne Zha’s bright spots is to create a brand-new "magic boy" Nezha with more modernity.

Han Haoyue, a film critic, believes that it is the characterization of Nezha as a demon that made this film. The reason why Nezha’s story is deeply rooted in people’s hearts is that he completed an anti-authority image with such tragic behavior as "cutting the flesh and returning the bones to the mother and returning the father"; Although the new version of Nezha is a little strange in appearance, it has been injected with real willfulness by the creator. "He is no longer a fairy, but a mortal who dares to express anger and love, and his expression is also very young." Nezha’s slogan "My life is up to me" is the embodiment of his rebellious spirit. Reconciliation with his father is more in line with modern ethics and can "get out of fairy tales and connect with the audience". This adaptation also coincides with the current social mentality. "People have a more diversified and tolerant understanding of the so-called definition of’ gods and demons’. Many people judge the logic of people and things and have jumped out of the black-and-white framework.’ Gods’ and’ demons’ can coexist in a person’s personality, so such a Nezha is more acceptable to the audience."

From the perspective of characterization, not only the protagonist Nezha in the film makes people shine, but also other characters are more vivid. Nezha’s parents are strict with him, and there is no lack of affection for his son. Although Master Taiyi acted rashly, he was still just and kind at the festival. Ao Bing, who is also an enemy and friend of Nezha, is kind in nature, but he is in a dilemma because of his heavy family mission … The film critic "Twenty-two Island Owners" commented that the film has made reasonable and touching preparations around Nezha’s awakening, affection and friendship, especially the father-son relationship between Nezha and Li Jing, which made many viewers cry. "Most Nezha-themed film and television works highlight the contradiction between father and son, but in this film, Excavate is a silent and somewhat strict father who loves his son deeply. He believed in Nezha from beginning to end, and encouraged him to be himself actively. Even in order to clear his son’s name, he was willing to go door to door and invite villagers to attend Nezha’s birthday banquet. Finally, he was willing to save Nezha with his own life, which became the biggest tear in the film. " In the film, Nezha’s transformation shows the power of family ties, and the education methods of Li Jing and his wife are much better than those of Looking Up, which can stimulate the audience’s thinking about parent-child relationship and family education.

The Future Opens China’s "Myth Universe"

Recently, the temperature has been high in many parts of the country, but many viewers still go to the cinema to see Ne Zha in the scorching sun. Creating and uploading fan comics, like "Wolf Warriors 2" in those years, always paying attention to the box office dynamics of the film, has become a way for many viewers to express their love for the film, and there are even girls who tie Nezha’s double meatballs and paint Aobing’s makeup in the same style.

It has become the most ardent voice of many audiences to open a "mythical universe" belonging to China by Nezha and build a movie empire like Marvel Comics and DC. "The status of Nezha is equivalent to Iron Man, the pioneering work of Marvel Comics. China can make Nezha trilogy first, then Jiang Ziya trilogy, and then lay out a series of movies with gods for ten years to introduce more characters. Shen Gongbao, Yang Jian, King Tota, Lei Zhenzi, Tu Hangsun, Nu Wa Niangniang and Su Daji can all make independent movies!" The proposal of the netizen "Morphine" in Douban immediately triggered a heated discussion among netizens. Some netizens even had already figured out which movies to shoot at different stages of "Goddess-sealing Universe", such as Romance of Gods-sealing 1: Fengming Qishan, Romance of Gods-sealing 2: King Wu’s Cutting, Tu Hangsun and Deng Chanyu, Ji Fa 3: Civil Disturbance, Huang Tianhua’s War with Four Demons and so on. Everyone has said that if such a film can be filmed in a solid way, it will be very beautiful and a film universe belonging to Chinese will be born.

Not only the audience has such expectations, but the filmmakers have actually started related creations. At the premiere of Ne Zha, Wang Changtian, president of Light Media, one of the producers of the film, confirmed that the "China Myth Universe" led by Nezha will be slowly presented to the audience through animated films in the future: in addition to the sequel of Nezha, Legend of Deification’s films adapted from China’s traditional myths, such as Journey to the West, Deep Sea, Phoenix and Crossing the Sea, will be completed one after another.

In fact, this linkage has been quietly laid out: Ne Zha’s story has not been finished yet, and among the three eggs at the end of the film, one egg has already laid the groundwork for the next classic scene, and the other egg is Legend of Deification’s advance notice, which has made people have infinite reverie in just a few seconds. In a promotional film before the release of Ne Zha, Jiang Liuer, the Monkey King and Nezha made a collective appearance, and started the linkage between the story of the Journey to the West and the story of the gods with the humorous topic of "Is Nezha a man or a woman?", which attracted a lot of applause. Ne Zha producer Yi Qiao revealed that in Tian Xiaopeng’s Journey to the West, the Monkey King and Nezha may continue to interact. (Yuan Yuner)

　　To adhere to the guidance of Marxism in the field of philosophy and social sciences, the core is to solve the problem of why people are. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the symposium on the work of philosophy and social sciences that if China’s philosophy and social sciences want to make a difference, it must adhere to the people-centered research orientation. Without the people, philosophy and social sciences will not be attractive, infectious, influential and vital. The vast number of philosophical and social scientists in China should adhere to the view that the people are the creators of history, establish the ideal of learning for the people, respect the people’s dominant position, focus on people’s practical creation, consciously link personal academic pursuit with the development of the country and the nation, and strive to produce more research results that can stand the test of practice, people and history.

　　Adhering to the people-centered principle is the fundamental value of philosophy and social sciences.

　　Philosophy and social science takes the existence and development of human beings and society as the research object and content, so it is both "human" and "human". From the connotation point of view, society is made up of people, with people’s activities as its content, and the main body of social history is concrete and historical people. Therefore, the existing conditions of human beings, including health, civilization, cultural and technical level, and conceptual state, are the research contents of philosophy and social science; The essence of social development is the process of continuous improvement of human beings and their modes of existence (including modes of production and lifestyles), the overall evolution and progress of economy, politics, culture and society, and the pursuit of their reasonable ideal forms by people in different historical periods. Therefore, human beings are the basic elements and power sources for social existence and development. In essence, human activities take social practice as the essence, while social practice is a material activity on the one hand, and a dynamic activity on the other. This initiative is the concentrated expression of human rational spirit, and it is the basis for the existence of self-sustaining content of social development. "History is just the activity of people who pursue their own goals." Therefore, social and historical development is essentially "human". It can be seen that social development is both "human" and "human", which makes human beings get rid of the blindness of existence and development and transition to freedom.Make the development history of human society become the history of conscious activities.

　　Philosophy and social sciences have the functions of reflecting social existence, maintaining or criticizing reality, regulating social and human activities and innovation, and the value orientation of these functions is social development and human progress. Therefore, adhering to the people-centered principle is the fundamental value of philosophy and social sciences.

　　Philosophy and social sciences reflect the cognitive function of social existence, which makes human beings as social beings truly become conscious and active subjects; The function of philosophy and social science in maintaining or criticizing reality is to maintain the social, economic and political forms that are unified with the nature of human progress, and otherwise to criticize; The adjustment and control function of philosophy and social science means that people must constantly revise and improve their activity plans and activities according to the actual situation, so that human beings can stably grasp and control their own activities and March according to reasonable plans, scientific methods and correct goals; The innovative function of philosophy and social science means that it can transcend the limitations of social reality and create new ideas, and then change social reality, create new social state and promote human progress under the guidance of new ideas. It contains huge spiritual positive energy and directly affects the current situation and future state of human society.

　　坚持以人民为中心是历史唯物主义的根本原则

　　马克思主义是广大劳动者、人民群众的学说，群众路线是马克思主义的基本观点，以人民为中心、坚持人民主体地位是马克思主义的内在要求。一个半多世纪前，马克思、恩格斯在批判鲍威尔、施蒂纳等人唯心的历史动力论和个人创造历史的错误观点中，揭示出人民主体的科学内涵及其实现途径，创立了人民主体观。

　　历史唯物主义的基本观点有两条，一是物质资料的生产是人类社会赖以生存和发展的基础，二是人民群众是历史的创造者，是历史发展和社会变革的决定力量，前者从生产力和生产关系、经济基础和上层建筑的辩证关系，考察了人类社会的发展进程，揭示了人民群众在社会历史发展中的主体地位，后者揭示了推动社会历史发展的决定因素，指明了人民群众是推动社会不断发展、不断改革、不断完善的根本动力。历史唯物主义的这个基本原理告诉我们，以人民为中心是社会存在和发展的客观要求和根本原则。

　　坚持以人民为中心是马克思主义中国化的基本路径

　　近一个世纪以来，中国共产党人将马克思主义的人民主体观与中国革命、建设、改革的实际相结合，孜孜追求国家的独立富强和人民的自由解放、生活幸福。

　　?

　　Persisting in taking the people as the center is the historical responsibility of the vast number of philosophical and social scientists.

　　Philosophy and social science workers should establish the concept of learning for the people. Our party is a party that serves the people wholeheartedly, and our country is a country where the people are the masters of the country. The starting point and end result of all the work of the party and the country is to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. In order to make a difference in China’s philosophy and social sciences, we must adhere to the people-centered research orientation. Without the people, philosophy and social sciences will not be attractive, infectious, influential and vital. The vast number of philosophical and social scientists should consciously link their personal academic pursuit with the development of the country and the nation, and strive to produce more research results that can stand the test of practice, people and history; We should put social responsibility in the first place, take the social effects of academic research seriously, be the pursuer and disseminator of truth, goodness and beauty, win respect with profound knowledge, lead the atmosphere with noble personality charm, and achieve self and value in making a statement for the motherland and the people.

　　Philosophy and social science workers should earnestly study and answer the issues of the times that the people are generally concerned about. Contemporary China is experiencing the most extensive and profound social changes in the history of our country. This unprecedented great practice will certainly provide powerful impetus and broad space for theoretical creation and academic prosperity. The vast number of philosophical and social science workers should carry forward the excellent traditional cultural spirit of "making a heart for heaven and earth, making a life for the people, inheriting the past and learning from the past, and opening up peace for all generations", set the tide of the times, communicate the changes of ancient and modern times, and make the first sound of ideas, and actively make comments and suggestions for the party and the people. Only by listening to the voice of the times, responding to the call of the times, caring for the people’s feelings, and seriously studying and solving the major and urgent problems that the people are generally concerned about, can we truly grasp the historical context, find the law of development, and promote theoretical innovation; Only in this way can we really study and answer the major theoretical and practical problems faced by China’s development and our party’s governance, and put forward the correct ideas and effective methods to solve the problems; Only in this way can we truly distinguish between essence and phenomenon, mainstream and tributary, and put forward objective, accurate and testable views and conclusions; Only in this way can we truly not forget the original, absorb foreign countries and face the future, not only deeply study major issues related to the national economy and people’s livelihood, but also actively explore major issues related to the future and destiny of mankind, and scientifically reveal the great logic and trend of the development of the times.

　　The leadership and management departments of philosophy and social sciences should strengthen the construction of social science talents. To construct philosophy and social sciences with China characteristics, we should start with people and make contributions for a long time. We should take good care of, cultivate and use the five armies of philosophy and social sciences, focus on discovering, cultivating and gathering a group of thinkers, theorists, academic leaders and young and middle-aged academic backbones, and build a talent system of philosophy and social sciences with complete categories and echelon connection; We should conscientiously implement the party’s intellectual policy, respect labor, knowledge, talents and creativity, and achieve full political trust, active ideological guidance, create conditions at work, care for them in life, and do more practical things, do good deeds and solve difficult problems for them; We should respect the hard work and research achievements of philosophy and social science workers, take the initiative to deal with experts and scholars, make friends, and often listen to their opinions and suggestions; It is necessary to let talents with both ability and political integrity play a role in important posts, form a good incentive mechanism for cultivating talents in philosophy and social sciences, and promote the continuous growth of outstanding talents.

　　In short, adhering to the people-centered research orientation is the inherent requirement of the development of philosophy and social sciences, the soul and direction of upholding and developing Marxism, and the historical responsibility and working principle of the prosperity and development of China’s philosophy and social sciences under the new situation. We must not be afraid of hardships, work hard, care for the public and watch for the people, and jointly promote the prosperity and development of philosophy and social sciences with China characteristics.

　　(Author: Chen Huaxing, chief expert of Zhejiang Gongshang University Base, theoretical system research center of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, Zhejiang Province, dean of Marxism College of Zhejiang Gongshang University)

　　Why does the Millennium context continue? Brilliant civilization, how to glow with glory?

　　Looking back at history, the ancient wind blows across the land of China and the mountains and rivers of Wan Li, and the great pen of history engraves the answer of the times "Why China".

　　On a new journey, the road is like a rock. In the first year of fully implementing the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the theme of "culture" runs through the investigation footprint of the Supreme Leader General Secretary. Standing at the strategic height of the sustainable inheritance of the Chinese nation and Chinese civilization, the General Secretary guides us to draw the strength of cultural self-confidence from inheritance and development.

　　Seeking the roots of civilization

　　Enlighten the future with history as a mirror in the historical coordinate.

　　Culture connects a nation’s past, present and future.

　　"Sleeping for thousands of years, waking up is shocking." Sanxingdui Site, located in Deyang City, Sichuan Province, represents the face and development level of ancient Shu civilization thousands of years ago. It is the largest, longest-lasting and most abundant unearthed cultural relics in southwest China so far.

　　"This job is not easy! Carry forward the spirit of slow work and fine work, take your time and work hard for a long time. "

　　On July 26th, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the new Sanxingdui Museum to visit the exhibitions such as "Dreaming of the Century", "King of the World" and "Heaven, Earth, Man and God" to learn about the excavation process of Sanxingdui site and the achievements of ancient Shu civilization.

　　More than 1,500 pieces (sets) of various cultural relics, such as pottery, bronzes, jade and stone tools, goldware and ivory (including ivory carvings), are exhibited in the new museum, of which nearly 600 pieces are exhibited for the first time. A piece of cultural relics is magnificent and dazzling in the magnificent Milky Way of Chinese civilization.

　　"Chinese civilization has outstanding continuity" — — On June 2nd, in the forum on cultural inheritance and development, the Supreme Leader General Secretary pointed out five outstanding characteristics of Chinese civilization in his important speech, and the first one was "continuity".

　　Before the symposium, the general secretary specially inspected two cultural landmarks — — China National Edition Museum and China Historical Research Institute have been thinking all the way, thinking about "continuity" throughout.

　　Come to the Central General Pavilion of China National Edition Pavilion, visit the National Study, the Exhibition of Ancient Chinese Civilization Edition, the Exhibition of China Contemporary Publishing Boutiques and Featured Edition, carefully examine the exhibition of Marxist China-style classic edition, and visit the library exhibitions of "Combination of Chinese, Tibetan, Mongolian and Manchu Tibetan Tripitaka" and "Combination of Sikuquanshu"; Walk into the China Historical Research Institute, visit the special exhibition on the origin of civilization and Zhai Zi China, learn about the major archaeological discoveries in the Neolithic Age and the Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, and look at some precious ancient books and documents … … General Secretary Nianzi is here to explore the roots of civilization and do a good job in the protection of cultural relics.

　　"What I care about most is the most precious thing left by Chinese civilization through vicissitudes. Our culture continues to flow and then pass on, and these treasures left behind must be taken care of and cherished by all means. " Concerned about the construction of the China National Edition Pavilion, the general secretary earnestly entrusted: "Please!"

　　Detect a touch of ashes and get a glimpse of textile processing more than 3,000 years ago; AI technology is put together and restored, and the bronzes in different sacrificial pits can be restored to integrity; Multifunctional archaeological work chamber, ultra-depth microscopic analysis, 3D model, X-ray fluorescence spectrum … … In recent years, various disciplines and scientific and technological means have continuously contributed to archaeological research, providing strong support for the exploration and protection of civilization.

　　Nowadays, the major projects of "Archaeological China", such as the Chinese civilization tracing project, the Xia culture and the civilization process in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, have been promoted as a whole, and the national edition museum has been put into operation, and the research and interpretation of the origin of Chinese civilization have been deepened continuously.

　　Know what you have never done, and you will know where you are going.

　　Looking back at the historical coordinates and looking forward to the journey of the avenue, the general secretary marked a new direction — — Chinese-style modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern strength, and Chinese civilization endows Chinese-style modernization with profound connotation. Chinese-style modernization is the new life of the old country of the Chinese nation and will surely promote the rejuvenation of Chinese civilization.

　　Tracing back to the source contains the power of civilization of "Why China".

　　preservation of cultural relics

　　Activate, protect and inherit forever on the axis of culture

　　A Gusu city, half a Jiangnan poem.

　　Strolling along Pingjiang Road, the lanes are criss-crossing, the waterways are criss-crossing, and the old and the modern collide here.

　　Located in the northeast corner of Suzhou ancient city, Jiangsu Province, Pingjiang historical and cultural block has a history of more than 2,500 years. On July 6th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came here to inspect, listen to the report on the protection of Suzhou ancient city and the protection, repair and utilization of Pingjiang historical and cultural blocks in detail, walk to see the style of ancient streets, watch the production of Suzhou embroidery and experience the printing of New Year pictures.

　　A picture of Pingjiang clearly shows the plane outline and street layout of ancient Suzhou. There are 3 national key cultural relics protection units, 2 provincial cultural relics protection units, 14 municipal cultural relics protection units, 44 controlled and protected buildings and 202 cultural relics registration points.

　　Repair cultural relics, dredge rivers, renovate residents’ courtyards, activate protection, and make the city reappear in the fireworks world. Today’s ancient city is basically the same as that in Pingjiang Map, as if we can get a glimpse of the bustling scene of Suzhou in the Song Dynasty.

　　"Suzhou has done a good job in combining tradition and modernity. It not only has historical and cultural heritage, but also has high-tech innovation and high-quality development, representing the future development direction." The general secretary said this.

　　Develop in protection and find the "combination point" between ancient and modern times — — Take the repair method of "repairing the old as it is, preserving its truth", and formulate the Protection and Renovation Plan of Pingjiang Historic District and the Protection and Renovation Plan of Pingjiang Road Street View, etc., and make in-depth investigation and careful records of houses, bridges and other historical sites in the local area to promote the protection of the street style and environmental governance.

　　Protect in development and find the "balance point" of people’s livelihood — — "A plaque, a bucket, a well, a line", a series of transformation measures gradually improve the pragmatic livelihood issues such as water leakage and humidity, water and electricity consumption in the ancient city.

　　In Zhengding, Hebei Province, it is proposed that culture should promote the county and tourism should promote the county. In Zhejiang, investigate the Liangzhu site and pay attention to the "application for heritage" of the ancient city; In Fuzhou, Fujian Province, promote the formulation of protection and management regulations and protection planning for Fuzhou historical and cultural city … … The protection of cultural relics and historic sites is a consistent focus.

　　Visiting the ancient city again and again and touching the history again and again, the "cultural footprint" of the General Secretary is all over China.

　　In May this year, on the way to Shaanxi, the General Secretary visited the Yuncheng Museum in Shanxi. He once again stressed that it is necessary to conscientiously implement the work requirements of the CPC Central Committee on upholding protection first, strengthening management, tapping value, effectively utilizing and making cultural relics alive, and comprehensively improve the level of cultural relics protection and utilization and cultural heritage protection and inheritance.

　　In recent years, many measures, such as planning and protection, inheritance and utilization, supervision and management, have provided guidance for the protection of the cultural heritage of the ancient city and brought new formats and vitality to the city.

　　"Avoid ‘ A thousand cities and ten thousand buildings look alike ’ " "Let the residents see the mountains, the water and remember their homesickness" … … Along the direction of the general secretary, Zhengding ancient city reappears the style of the northern male town, Liangzhu ancient city site is selected into the World Heritage List, Beijing Hutong engraves the memory of the ancient capital, and the construction of the national cultural park is solidly promoted, and the historical context is constantly integrated and combined with modern life.

　　Years have passed, and one piece of cultural relics and historical sites has connected the memory of Chinese culture.

　　Cultural relics protection contains the inheritance power of "Why China".

　　Cultural inheritance

　　On the road of development, innovation and integration escort

　　Embroider beautiful rivers and mountains with needle and thread as pen and ink.

　　As one of the representatives of Chinese embroidery art, Suzhou embroidery has a long history of more than 2,000 years, and was selected into the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006.

　　In Jiangsu, the general secretary watched the production of Suzhou embroidery, and his heart was attached to cultural inheritance. "The excellent traditional Chinese culture has been passed down from generation to generation, and its toughness, patience and determination are part of the spirit of the Chinese nation." The general secretary said with emotion.

　　In Shaanxi, the general secretary praised Hanzhong rattan and paid attention to industrial development. "Hanzhong rattan and other intangible cultural heritages have long enjoyed a good reputation. It is necessary to develop and expand characteristic industries and better drive the people to increase their income and get rich."

　　In today’s China, intangible cultural heritage projects show the world the cultural charm of the ancient oriental civilization and an enduring and youthful image of China in the unique language of Chinese culture.

　　Rule of law escort — — In recent years, a series of policy plans have been issued intensively, and the legal and regulatory system for cultural heritage protection has been continuously improved. In the legislative work plan for 2023 published by the National People’s Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC), it is listed to amend the law on the protection of cultural relics. Ten provinces, including Beijing, Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shanghai, Fujian, Shandong, Guangdong, Chongqing and Shaanxi, have issued local laws and regulations on revolutionary cultural relics, underground cultural relics, social cultural relics and cultural heritage.

　　Institutional guarantee — — For the first time, Opinions on Implementing the Inheritance and Development Project of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture, and Opinions on Further Strengthening the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage, elaborated the inheritance and development of Chinese Excellent Traditional Culture in the form of a central document, and improved the representative inheritor system … … … … With the continuous improvement of the "four beams and eight pillars" of cultural heritage protection, it provides guarantee for the inheritance of culture.

　　Industrial integration — — The digital exhibition "A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" is very popular, and "Only this Green" brings an audio-visual feast, and Tongben Ma Wen has become popular … … Nowadays, many intangible cultural heritages are deeply branded and intelligent, and Industry-University-Research integrates and extends the value chain, and constantly carries out the practice of creative transformation and innovative development. "Chinese Romance" attracts the world’s attention.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, eight cultural heritages have been listed in the World Heritage List, and the protection of cultural heritages has reached a new level. At present, there are more than 100,000 non-legacy representative projects at all levels, including 1,557 national non-legacy representative projects.

　　"Chinese civilization has outstanding innovation, which fundamentally determines the enterprising spirit of the Chinese nation, respecting the past and not retro, and determines the fearless character of the Chinese nation that is not afraid of new challenges and dares to accept new things." The general secretary said.

　　In the inheritance of cultural skills, intangible cultural heritage resonates with the times at the same frequency and constantly innovates and develops. Generations of inheritors have been singing string songs endlessly, which makes traditional skills glow with new vitality.

　　At the opening ceremony of Chengdu Universiade, the "God Bird of the Sun" rose in the air, symbolizing the symbol of chinese heritage and igniting this summer.

　　The rapid development of culture and the rise of great powers confirm the "combination" emphasized by the general secretary — — It is the only way to open up and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics on the profound foundation of Chinese civilization for more than 5,000 years, and to combine the basic principles of Marxism with the concrete reality of China and the excellent traditional Chinese culture.

　　Innovation and integration contain the power of the times of "Why China".

CCTV News:According to the statistics released by the National Film Bureau on November 15th, as of November 14th, the total box office of this year was 50.001 billion yuan, the total number of people watching movies was 1.179 billion yuan, the box office of domestic films was 41.989 billion yuan, and the market share of domestic films was 83.98%. In 2001, there were 58 films with box office exceeding 100 million yuan, including 39 domestic films and 19 imported films.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, February 25th 　Question: How to prevent norovirus infection and influenza? What conditions do you need to see a doctor? — — Experts answer hot issues of infectious disease prevention and control in spring.

　　Xinhua News Agency reporters Gu Tiancheng and Dong Ruifeng

　　At the time of communication in winter and spring, the school season is also ushered in all parts of the country. Recently, some children with vomiting and diarrhea were diagnosed as Norovirus infection. At the same time, the results of influenza surveillance in local disease control institutions show that the current level of influenza virus activity in China has increased, mainly influenza A.

　　What is norovirus infection and influenza, and how to prevent it? What conditions do you need to see a doctor? On the 25th, the National Health and Wellness Commission organized an authoritative expert, Wang Guiqiang, director of the Department of Infectious Diseases of the First Hospital of Peking University, to answer the public’s hot issues about the prevention and treatment of infectious diseases in spring.

　　1. Q: What is Norovirus? What are the symptoms after infection?

　　Wang Guiqiang: Norovirus belongs to the calicivirus family. After infection, the main symptoms are vomiting and diarrhea, which is an infectious disease of digestive tract. The source of infection is mainly from the mouth, but also through aerosol and close contact, such as primary school and kindergarten children holding and touching each other.

　　From the clinical manifestations, the symptoms are mild and severe, most of which are vomiting and diarrhea, while others lead to severe vomiting and diarrhea, and some serious cases may have systemic symptoms such as fever. Vomiting and diarrhea can cause a lot of electrolyte water loss in human body. Therefore, after being infected with Norovirus, it is necessary to fully rehydrate, pay attention to rest, and take sugar salt water or use rehydration salt in time.

　　2. Q: What do you need to see a doctor after being infected with Norovirus? How to prevent it?

　　Wang Guiqiang: If young children and the elderly are infected with Norovirus and show weakness, apathy, dry mouth and dry eyes, these conditions may be hypotension. We should measure blood pressure in time, go to the hospital in time, and give corresponding rehydration in the hospital.

　　If you dispose of it at home, you must pay attention to drinking light salt water or sugar salt water, because norovirus infection mainly leads to diarrhea and vomiting, which leads to the loss of a lot of electrolytes and water in the human body, which may have serious consequences. Some serious cases, such as elderly patients with basic diseases, may induce shock and other manifestations, so we should pay special attention to elderly patients with basic diseases.

　　Norovirus is mainly transmitted through the digestive tract. The first thing to do well in prevention is to manage the hygiene of food and water sources safely. The second thing is to do well in hand hygiene and wash your hands before meals. In places where children’s care institutions, primary schools and other people gather, once an epidemic situation occurs, it is necessary to immediately check whether food and water sources are polluted, and key areas such as canteens must be carefully inspected and sterilized to avoid further spread.

　　3. Q: What is the flu? What’s the difference with the common cold?

　　Wang Guiqiang: Influenza is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus. The actual difference between influenza and common cold is mainly in the degree of illness and pathogen.

　　First, the etiology of the pathogen is different. There are many pathogens that can cause cold-like symptoms, and influenza is caused by influenza virus. At present, influenza A virus is more prevalent.

　　Second, flu symptoms are more serious than the common cold. Influenza can lead to persistent high fever, aching muscles and joints all over the body, and severe pneumonia. At the same time, influenza has the risk of aggravating the basic diseases of the elderly, and some patients may have secondary infections, such as upper respiratory tract infection, tracheitis and secondary bacterial infections. The general symptoms of the common cold are mild.

　　Third, in terms of treatment, influenza has specific drugs, and it is suggested that the sooner antiviral drugs are involved, the better. Although influenza is a self-limited disease, early use of drugs can shorten the course of disease, relieve symptoms and reduce the risk of severe illness. The common cold can generally be treated with symptomatic treatment. Drink plenty of water and pay attention to rest. There is no specific medicine.

　　Fourth, from the perspective of prognosis and complications, influenza is relatively harmful, and some individuals may cause the risk of hospitalization or even death.

　　4. Q: What symptoms do you need to see a doctor when you have the flu? How to prevent it?

　　Wang Guiqiang: From the point of flu treatment, generally speaking, symptomatic support treatment is the main treatment. If there is persistent high fever, shortness of breath and aggravation of basic diseases, you should go to the hospital in time. Especially for the elderly with basic diseases, it is suggested that they should go to the hospital in time when they have symptoms of fever, cough, headache and fatigue. If they are diagnosed with influenza, they should use antiviral drugs as soon as possible to avoid further deterioration of the disease, which will lead to the aggravation of the basic diseases. At the same time, it is recommended to carry out influenza vaccination every autumn.

　　Influenza is a respiratory infectious disease, and the prevention of respiratory infectious diseases is similar. Some measures to prevent Covid-19 infection are also measures to prevent influenza, and also help to reduce the risk of norovirus infection. Frequent ventilation, wearing a mask and good hand hygiene are all effective means to prevent influenza. In winter and spring, it is recommended that you wear masks in places where people gather or in closed spaces. Frequent hand washing, frequent ventilation and keeping social distance are effective in preventing all respiratory infectious diseases.

　　The results of a "Top Ten Women" selection in France recently came out. Rashida Datti, the beautiful minister of justice who will be kicked out of the cabinet by President Sarkozy, topped the list, while Bruni, the "first lady", could hardly compete with her, with only the eighth place.

　　Beauty minister is in the limelight.

　　According to the report, the best women in the French’s mind obviously have considerable international influence, and most of the selected figures are well-known, including veteran movie stars brigitte bardot and catherine deneuve.

　　The 43-year-old Rashida Datti has always had a high-profile image as a "Dior-wearing female attorney general", and a series of recent storms, including her "deeds" such as returning to work five days after giving birth to a daughter and announcing that she will resign in June this year under the pressure of President Sarkozy, have kept her quite high exposure.

　　According to the report, the French voted Datti as the "best woman" not only because of her fashion, beauty and sexy image, but also because of her toughness, independence and vitality in her political career. French feminist historian Florence Montereno commented on her, "Rashida Datti is ambitious, decisive and active", which made her vote rate as high as 26%.

　　The top ten are almost all mature women.

　　It is rumored in French tabloids that Bruni, the "first lady", is very concerned about the close relationship between Datti and Sarkozy. It is even reported that Sarkozy made the decision to kick Datti out of the cabinet at Bruni’s behest. However, Bruni, who was born as a supermodel, was much inferior to Datti in this selection. With 16% of the votes, she not only failed in the top three, but also ranked eighth. However, this may have something to do with Bruni’s birthplace in Italy. Bruni became a French citizen after her "flash marriage" with Sarkozy last year.

　　It is reported that the "Top Ten Women" in France are generally older, and the only one in the top ten who is under 40 years old is another beauty in Sarkozy’s cabinet-French Minister of Human Rights Rama Yade.

　　France’s "Top Ten Women" list:

1. Rashida Datti, 43, French Minister of Justice.

2. Sophie Marceau, 42 years old, is a French movie star.

3. Claire Hazare, 52, news anchor Claire and her husband Couthures (photo).

According to South Korean media reports, as of October 26, South Korea has reported 59 deaths after influenza vaccination. Although people are worried and the number of people vaccinated has dropped sharply, the government has not stopped.

South Korean President Moon Jae in said at the meeting in Cheongwadae that there was no direct causal relationship between the deaths after influenza vaccination and vaccination. In order to prevent influenza and the simultaneous infection and spread of influenza and COVID-19, it is necessary to continue to expand the scope of influenza vaccination. I hope that people will not be too upset, miss the timely vaccination, and accidentally catch the flu with a high mortality rate, which will lead to greater danger.

It is reported that most of the cases that died after influenza vaccination were elderly people over 70 years old, and the shortest death was 4 hours after vaccination, and a 17-year-old boy died 2 days after vaccination.

Every winter and spring is the high-incidence season of influenza. At present, the whole world is in the epidemic stage of COVID-19. Academician Wang Chen, Dr. Zhang Wenhong and other experts recommend influenza vaccination to avoid catching the flu, reduce the chance of going to a fever clinic, and also reduce the chance of co-infection of two viruses and reduce a hidden danger.

Therefore, there are many people in China who want to get the flu vaccine, and there is a great demand for the vaccine. So, how can we vaccinate safely?

Why do vaccination have serious adverse reactions?

First of all, one thing must be affirmed: the vaccine ingredients contained in the flu vaccine will not cause the flu.

But at the same time, as a medicine, influenza vaccine is not absolutely safe. There are a lot of possible adverse reactions, such as redness, induration, pain and burning sensation at the inoculation site. A few people may have systemic reactions, such as fever, headache, dizziness, lethargy, fatigue, myalgia, general discomfort, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Most people’s adverse reactions are mild, which can disappear by themselves within 3 days. Serious adverse reactions are very rare. There is no difference in safety between tetravalent influenza vaccine and trivalent influenza vaccine; There is no significant difference in safety between domestic and imported influenza vaccines. Adverse reactions may be related to the following three reasons:

One is immune response. Because influenza vaccine is a medicine made by processing, inactivating, sterilizing and cracking influenza virus, it will simulate the immune response induced by real virus and promote the body to produce antibodies, which is often accompanied by various adverse reactions.

Second, trace endotoxin and impurities may remain in the process of influenza vaccine production and preparation.

Third, it may be a coupling reaction. That is to say, when the flu vaccine is injected, it may just be the incubation period of other diseases, and after the flu vaccine is injected, the disease will break out.

No matter what causes it, if the body’s immune response is too intense, or the original disease is aggravated and serious, and it is not treated in time and properly, serious adverse reactions may occur.

One of the serious adverse reactions is Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). The annual incidence of GBS in the general population is 10 ~ 20 cases per 1 million adults, which is very rare.

The other is immediate hypersensitivity. Any vaccine has the risk of immediate hypersensitivity. Severe anaphylaxis may be life-threatening, and it usually occurs within minutes to hours after inoculation. Its symptoms include urticaria, angioedema, severe anaphylaxis, etc. The incidence rate is usually 1-2 cases per million people.

Two types of people prone to adverse reactions

Adverse reactions after influenza vaccination may be related to the sensitivity of the immune system of people of different ages. Because children and young people are more sensitive, a slight invasion of harmful substances such as viruses will trigger obvious immune reactions, so the probability of adverse reactions will increase; On the other hand, with the increase of age, the elderly are prone to chronic pain, which is stubborn and difficult to treat. Therefore, all kinds of pain after vaccination will be covered up by chronic pain, so they think that they have no adverse reactions and delayed treatment.

Children: The probability of adverse reactions after influenza vaccination is higher than that of adults, and the most common one is fever. The younger the age, the higher the probability of fever, but it usually disappears on its own after 1-2 days of vaccination. At the same time, the risk of febrile convulsion in children within 1 ~ 2 days after vaccination will also increase.

Elderly: The most common adverse events in adults include injection site pain, fever, myalgia and headache; In the elderly, the pain at the inoculation site is the most common, but the duration is generally less than 2 days, and the degree is usually slight, which basically does not affect daily activities.

A large number of data show that vaccination with inactivated influenza vaccine will not harm pregnant women and fetuses, and will not increase the risk of congenital malformation of fetuses.

Precautions for vaccination

Contraindications for influenza vaccination are those who are allergic to any ingredients (including excipients, formaldehyde, cracking agents and antibiotics) contained in the vaccine; Patients with mild to moderate acute diseases with or without fever symptoms are advised to be vaccinated after the symptoms subside.

It should also be noted that people who are allergic to eggs are not taboo at present, so people who are allergic to eggs can be vaccinated against influenza.

Influenza vaccination can be given during the prevention and treatment of influenza antiviral drugs, and it is suggested that the elderly over 65 should be vaccinated with influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine at the same time.

The common causes of adverse reactions are fasting and psychological factors, and the treatment methods are drinking warm sugar water, keeping warm and keeping a quiet and comfortable environment, and making appropriate psychological adjustment. Local pain and redness can be treated with local dry and hot compress; Respiratory symptoms such as dry mouth and cough can be relieved by drinking warm water.

However, if you feel unwell after vaccination, you should communicate with the doctor of the vaccination institution in time. If the symptoms have not subsided for more than 3 days, you should see a doctor in time.

In a word, influenza has always been an infectious disease that is harmful to health. Now it is the epidemic period in COVID-19. Vaccination of influenza can not only protect itself from influenza virus infection, but also play a good barrier role in the occurrence of influenza in groups. Influenza vaccination should be actively carried out, especially for high-risk groups such as the elderly, children and pregnant women.